TissueDB/Materials/Cloth, Woven
License: CC-BY-SA-4.0 by Stany Dederen (MoMu Antwerp)
Woven Cloth is an inexpensive textile made by interlacing warp and weft threads at right angles — cotton, polyester, or a cotton-poly blend. Plain-weave (threads crossing one-over-one-under, as in a bed sheet or muslin) and twill (a diagonal-rib weave, as in denim) are the everyday forms; both are grain-dependent, meaning they barely stretch along the thread directions and give only on the diagonal (the bias) — unlike knitted cloth, which is looped and stretches in every direction, and felted cloth (felt), which is matted fibre with no threads or grain. It is sold everywhere as bed sheets, flat bed sheets, dress and craft fabric, fabric sheets, plain white fabric, muslin, calico, chambray, canvas and cotton duck — by the yard or in rolls, typically 90–115 cm (36–45 in) wide, at fabric retailers and craft suppliers. In medical simulation it stands in for thin, membranous, drapeable tissues — mesentery, peritoneum, bowel wall and fascia — and as a cuttable outer skin layer. You work with it by cutting to size, then rolling it into tubular structures (bowel), bunching it for a mesentery root, draping single layers over organ models for peritoneum, or layering it over foam or silicone as fascia or skin. Its tear resistance, soft drape and easy cutting make it a low-cost analogue for dissection and handling practice.
Tissues
| Tissue | Visual | Tactile | Simulator | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ovary | Laparoscopic Ectopic Pregnancy Simulator | Woven fabric — small (~5 × 5 cm) squares folded into round balls and secured, positioned at the tube origin for anatomical orientation. | ||
| Bowel | Meckel's Diverticulectomy Simulator | A rolled portion of a 76 × 61 cm flat bed sheet forms the tubular ileal segment (and its Meckel's diverticulum) for laparoscopic bowel-handling practice. | ||
| Mesentery | Meckel's Diverticulectomy Simulator | As a flat bed sheet, the unrolled ~35.56 cm portion is bunched to form the mesentery root attachment to the bowel. | ||
| Meckel's Diverticulum | Meckel's Diverticulectomy Simulator | From the flat bed sheet: 3–6 cm of the tube wall pulled outward from the bowel and secured with a rubber band to form the diverticulum. | ||
| Skin | Cricothyrotomy Simulator (Aho) | Outermost woven-fabric layer wrapped over the model as the skin the trainee incises first; a cuttable outer surface (Aho et al. 2015).[1] | ||
| Small Intestine | Intra-abdominal Bleeding Simulator (Fernandes) | Fine synthetic fabric mesh filled with Styrofoam microspheres; fixed at the ends only, without mesentery (Fernandes et al. 2023).[2] | ||
| Large Bowel | Intra-abdominal Bleeding Simulator (Fernandes) | Fine synthetic fabric mesh filled with Styrofoam microspheres; a different colour from the small intestine (Fernandes et al. 2023).[2] | ||
| Peritoneum and Serosa | Intra-abdominal Bleeding Simulator (Fernandes) | A semitransparent waterproof fabric membrane isolating the peritoneal cavity from the retroperitoneum and allowing visual identification of underlying structures (Fernandes et al. 2023).[2] As a fabric sheet, a single layer draped over organ models also gives realistic peritoneal draping and folding. |
References
[edit source]- ↑ Aho JM, Thiels CA, AlJamal YN, Ruparel RK, Rowse PG, Heller SF, Farley DR. Every surgical resident should know how to perform a cricothyrotomy: an inexpensive cricothyrotomy task trainer for teaching and assessing surgical trainees. J Surg Educ 2015;72(4):658-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2014.12.012. PMID: 25703738.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Fernandes CO, Rodrigues LR, Silva do Amaral MLBS, de Morais Rodrigues SJ, Marton-Filho MA. Low-cost simulator for intra-abdominal bleeding. Rev Col Bras Cir 2023;50:e20233512. DOI: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20233512-en. PMID: 37971114. PMC: PMC10618030.
Overview
Woven cotton and cotton-poly cloth is a commodity textile sold by the yard or in rolls at fabric retailers, craft suppliers and general stores (fabric shops, Amazon, Michaels), typically 90–115 cm (36–45 in) wide. A rough ballpark is US$3–8 per yard for plain muslin, a little more for bleached or organic cotton; a single flat bed sheet — a common source form — costs only a few dollars and yields many pieces. Keeps indefinitely when stored dry.
Synonyms
Common names: Woven cloth, fabric, woven fabric, cotton fabric, linen fabric, bed sheet, flat bed sheet, fabric sheet
Forms: Plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, cotton-blend fabric, canvas, muslin, gauze, cotton duck, tight weave, loose weave
Trade/commercial names: Cotton-poly blend, twill fabric, muslin, canvas, cotton duck
Clinical terms: Sterile woven fabric, medical-grade cotton fabric, surgical cloth, sterilizable fabric
Regional terms: Tissu tissé (French), Tessuto intrecciato (Italian), Tela tejida (Spanish), Gewebter Stoff (German), Geweven stof (Dutch)
| Authors | Arturopelayo |
|---|---|
| License | CC-BY-SA-4.0 |
| Cite as | Arturopelayo (2026). "TissueDB/Materials/Cloth, Woven". Appropedia. Retrieved August 4, 2026. |