TissueDB/Tissues/Ducts

Ducts are tube-like, hollow structures lined with epithelial cells that transport bodily fluids, secretions, or waste from a gland or organ to a specific target area or the exterior of the body. They are far more than passive pipes; they frequently modify the fluids passing through them.

Materials

Material	Visual	Tactile	Simulator	Notes
Coloured elastic loop (Ethiloops or lanyard)	–	–	Pediatric Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair Simulator (Duboureau)	One coloured elastic loop (e.g. Ethiloops or a lanyard) set inside the bottle neck as the vas deferens, colour-coded against the testicular artery to train duct-versus-vessel discrimination.^[1]
Central venous catheter segment (9.5 Fr)	–	–	Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair Simulator (Hanssen)	A 9.5 Fr central venous catheter segment stands in for the vas deferens, bundled with the epigastric and spermatic vessel wires inside the spermatic-cord assembly.^[2]
White elastic cord	–	–	Pediatric Inguinal Hernia Repair Simulator (Heo)	White elastic cord secured to the hernia sac with rubber cement as the vas deferens during male-cartridge (POLISHeR) assembly.^[3]
Silicone, Castable	-	-	Urinary Catheterization Simulator (Gillis)

References

↑ Duboureau H, Renaud-Petel M, Klein C, Haraux E. Development and evaluation of a low-cost part-task trainer for laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia in boys and the acquisition of basic laparoscopy skills. Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2021;56(4):674–677. DOI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.05.044. PMID 32631609.
↑ Hanssen A, Hanssen DA, Hanssen RA, Plotnikov S, Haddad J, Daes JE. Implementation and Validation of a Novel and Inexpensive Training Model for Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair. J Abdom Wall Surg 2022;1:10305. DOI 10.3389/jaws.2022.10305. CC BY 4.0.
↑ Heo K, Greaney E, Haehl J, Stunden C, Lindner A, Malik PRA, Rosenbaum DG, Muensterer O, Zakani S, Jacob J, Joharifard S. Iterative Design and Manufacturing of a 3D-Printed Pediatric Open and Laparoscopic Integrated Simulator for Hernia Repair (POLISHeR). Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2025;60:162232. DOI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2025.162232 PMID 40011165. CC BY-NC 4.0.

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Created	June 2, 2026 by Felipe Schenone
Last edit	July 4, 2026 by Arturo Pelayo
Cite as	"TissueDB/Tissues/Ducts". Appropedia. 2026. Retrieved July 15, 2026.
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[duboureau2021-1] Duboureau H, Renaud-Petel M, Klein C, Haraux E. Development and evaluation of a low-cost part-task trainer for laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia in boys and the acquisition of basic laparoscopy skills. Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2021;56(4):674–677. DOI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.05.044. PMID 32631609.

[hanssen2022-2] Hanssen A, Hanssen DA, Hanssen RA, Plotnikov S, Haddad J, Daes JE. Implementation and Validation of a Novel and Inexpensive Training Model for Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair. J Abdom Wall Surg 2022;1:10305. DOI 10.3389/jaws.2022.10305. CC BY 4.0.

[heo2025-3] Heo K, Greaney E, Haehl J, Stunden C, Lindner A, Malik PRA, Rosenbaum DG, Muensterer O, Zakani S, Jacob J, Joharifard S. Iterative Design and Manufacturing of a 3D-Printed Pediatric Open and Laparoscopic Integrated Simulator for Hernia Repair (POLISHeR). Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2025;60:162232. DOI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2025.162232 PMID 40011165. CC BY-NC 4.0.

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