The purpose of this project was to redesign the triangular area in front of Catherine Zane Middle School, Eureka CA. A new, even path made of aggregated concrete in a solid Z-shape was implemented, along with three planters made of the repurposed concrete from the former path.

Background[edit | edit source]

This project was designed by Team Geometrees, HSU students taking ENGR 215 taught by Lonny Grafman in Spring 2019. Catherine Zane Middle School, a STEAM-based charter middle school, was the client. The client representative for Zane was Trevor Hammons, a school admin. Trevor has worked with Grafman and HSU for several years, and had a previous HSU student group work in the same area as this project. By the time Team Geometrees saw the project, it had decayed to the point of being unsatisfactory. The previous area had an uneven, star-shaped path made of reused concrete blocks. Additionally, there was only wood chips in the triangle surrounding the path.

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  The project area before Team Geometrees, nicknamed the Triangle of Death

Problem statement and criteria[edit | edit source]

The Triangle of Death lacked desirable aesthetic, with an uneven path in a star-like design and no plants. Team Geometrees decided upon several criteria to find the solution that best fit the client's desires for the project.

Criteria	Weight	Constraints
10	Safety	The project must not contain anything the students can pick up and throw. Additionally there should be no sharp edges or poisonous plants.
9	Accessibility	Those with wheelchairs should be able to access and use the project.
9	Durability	The project should last several years with the same quality.
9	Quality	The project should be coherent and well thought-out.
9	Eco-Friendliness	The project should use minimal new materials and strive for reused ones.
8	Cost	Must be under 400 dollars.
8	Aesthetics	The project should be visually pleasing.
8	School Themed	The design should integrate well with the surrounding, as well as represent Zane Middle School.
8	Manageability	The effort to maintain the quality of the project should be minimal.

Description of final project[edit | edit source]

The final project is composed of a Z-shaped walkway made of aggregated concrete that is level and wide enough to be wheelchair accessible. Additionally, there are three planters that will prevent the plants from being stepped on and killed while also doubling as seating for the students during break.

Prototyping[edit | edit source]

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  CAD design showing the interference of the poles

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  A prototype of the path using string

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  A physical prototype of the planter

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  A drawn prototype of the planter

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  A drawn prototype of the planter

Two separate forms of prototyping were done for the path and planters.

Prototyping for the pathway began with a simple CAD model of the Triangle and the desired location of the path. String and stakes were placed along the designed outside of the walkway. From this, we learned that the poles surrounding the Triangle would interfere with our walkway and make it inaccessible to wheelchairs. The string was relocated to where the path would not interfere with the poles.

Prototyping for the planters consisted of attempting to create three rings of concrete blocks, each one on top of the other. We kept attempting to fit the pieces together, similarly to a puzzle, in order to get the planter to be circular in shape, stable, and flat on the top.

Costs[edit | edit source]

Quantity	Material	Source	Cost ($)	Total ($)
1	Cable Ties	Piersons	5.41	5.41
2	Plastic Net	Piersons	17.89	35.77
2	Kitchen Twine	Target	5.74	11.48
1	Quikrete	Ace Hardware	6.99	6.99
3	Quikrete	Ace Hardware	8.99	26.97
1	Tub	Ace Hardware	7.99	7.99
1	Pliers	Ace Hardware	10.76	10.76
1	Caution Tape	Ace Hardware	8.67	8.67
2	3/8 Exposed Grout	Donated	0	0
Total Cost				$114.04

How to build[edit | edit source]

Maintenance[edit | edit source]

Maintenance for the project is very simple. The pathway should be washed and brushed yearly.

Instructions[edit | edit source]

Troubleshooting[edit | edit source]

Problem	Suggestion
Path breaks	Seek consultation from Eureka Ready Mix
Planter breaks	Use a 1:1 mixture of water and Quikrete to glue pieces back together.

Discussion and next steps[edit | edit source]

The walkway was very successful and is now much easier and safer to walk on. Although the team had wanted to use permeable concrete and were unable to find the means of acquiring it, the aggregate concrete ended up working well anyway. Team Geometrees was very satisfied with how both the Z-path and planters looked. Next steps would be to fill the planters with soil and plants.

Suggestions for future changes[edit | edit source]

One other option that may be useful for other projects would be to use a more permeable concrete for the walkway, which would allow for water to flow through the path. This would make it rougher and less wheelchair accessible, however it may suit better depending on the needs of the project.

Update September 2019[edit | edit source]

The Triangle of Rebirth Z-shaped pathway is functional, however the liners were sticking out in multiple locations by the path. Additionally, the repurposed-concrete planters were not there. We reached out to Trevor Hammons, the counseling services director. Hammons said that the planters were removed because they were never filled or planted. He suggested that future projects be followed-through to prevent incompletion and lack of purpose. He also mentioned there were worries about ADA compliance, and pointed out three other areas that were ADA compliant.

There are currently no plants being grown within the triangle of rebirth. Trash was also found laying around. Overall, the site is not being maintained to keep its aesthetic, which was one of Zane Middle's schools priorities for the project.

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  September 2019 Update

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  September 2019 Update