SHIFT Learning by Design California tribal lands

This paragraph appears in search results and previews for this page. In three to five sentences, summarize the whole project from background to result: what you designed, for whom, where and when, why it matters, and how it turned out. Write this last. It should make sense to someone who has never heard of your project, your client, or Humboldt County.

Describe the background of the project, covering who, what, when, why, and where: the client, the site, the course (Engr205 Introduction to Design at Cal Poly Humboldt), the semester, and your team. This page will be read by people around the world and in the future, so give enough context that a stranger understands it. Refer to your images in the text, e.g., Figure 1 shows the site before the project.

Images uploaded to Appropedia must be free to share and uniquely named. Start each file name with your project name, e.g., CCAT_compost_bin_background.jpg. Use File:Default.png as a placeholder until you have the real image. Give every image alt text (alt=) that describes it for readers using screen readers; the caption is what everyone reads, the alt text is what the image shows.

The objective of this project is to design, build, and test a... Write this so that a reader would know when the project is complete. You will refine this statement throughout the semester.

This section outlines the specifications, considerations, criteria and constraints, and finally our usage and production volume requirements provided by our client that we need to consider when building this project to ensure the final project will be up to the clients standards and meet their specific needs.

The information below includes the specifications we have been given by the client that must be met, they include:

• Topographical
• Specific to the Region
• Informational
• Pronunciations of cultural names
• Interactive Stand Alone
• No block set aspects
• Wall mounted
• In portrait style
• From Garberville to Crescent City

This our group must keep the following list in mind when constructing this project:

• the local climate
• the end users and how they will interact with the design
• It will be used in a classroom
• It is to be used by Cal Poly Humboldt Students
• Earthquake Safety
• Teaching Device

Criteria is our baseline for our judgement in our solutions we generate, while constraints are the limitations of each criterion and the minimum that they must fulfill, in this project they must be met to ensure the project fulfilled the clients needs. Table 1 lists the criteria, constraints, and weights for this project.

Table 1. Criteria given by Clients for the Interactive Map of the California Tribal Lands

Criterion	Constraint	Weight (0–10, 10 highest)
Cost	Less than or equal to our given budget	?
Interactive aspect	Buttons, lights, and potentially an LED screen	10
Weight	Less than a certain amount so that it can be wall mounted	?
Size	less than or equal to 4 feet tall and 2 feet wide	?
Audio	Conversation Volume so as not to disturb classes	?
Culturally Respectful	Based on information from tribal contacts	?

This design will be used in classes to help students visualized and get a better understanding of the material they are learning through the interactive aspects, it will be used for an unspecified amount of time as of this moment also being used multiple times a day by students of Cal Poly Humboldt in addition to curious passersby. Only one of the maps will be map with others not being expected to replicate it.

This literature review is an annotated bibliography. Introduce it in one to two sentences that name the topics covered and why they matter for this project. Group entries under topic headings (Client first, then 4-12 topics relevant to your design, such as materials, similar projects, local climate, or user needs).

Minimum sources per team member: one peer-reviewed journal article, one book, and two credible web sources, plus the client sources your team needs. More credible sources are welcome.

Each entry has three parts:

1. The citation in ASCE format. Either place it inside a named footnote, as in the examples below, so it appears under References and can be reused elsewhere on the page with <ref name="Smith2020" />, or write it out in full at the start of the entry. Pick one approach and use it for the whole page.
2. Summary (two to three sentences): what the source is and what it says. Write it in your own words.
3. Relevance (one to two sentences): how it informs this design, e.g., a criterion, a constraint, an alternative, or a decision.

Aim for 75-150 words per entry. No plagiarism: summarize, do not copy. Quote sparingly and always in quotation marks with a citation.

Describe the client and what matters to them for this project. Sources here are often the client's website, documents, and interviews.

Client interview - 9/26/26

Summary: Who you interviewed, their role, and the key points they shared.

Relevance: Which criteria, constraints, or considerations came from this interview.

Interview

Client website^[1]

Summary: This page on the CDE website states that the purpose of the CDE is to “prepare students to live, work, and thrive in a multicultural, multilingual, and highly connected world”.

Relevance: The CDE's mission of preparing students for a multicultural and multilingual world supports making the map a learning tool about local tribal lands and language, not just a display.

Web

Early Childhood Education^[2]

Summary: In the CDE website under “Specialized Programs”, if you navigate to “American Indian”, there is a section pertaining to Humboldt county within the Early Childhood Education link. This portion states that the American Indian Early Childhood Education (AICE) Program seeks to “increase students' academic achievement, foster a sense of belonging in the school environment, and engage parents as primary educators of their children“.

Relevance: Keeping both these goals of our client in mind during the making of our project will help us create something that tailors to our clients needs and thus help us create an overall more effective product.

Website

Education Center Locator^[3]

Summary:This is a website where there are locations pertaining to each native peoples across California that have websites and other resources giving information on tribes and how to get in contact with them.

Relevance: This is important to our project because it can provide resources that we can use to meet with tribes to gain knowledge necessary for our project.

Website

This is the base of the project. It refers to general information about the projects focus and provides background information for use in the map/block set.

County List of Tribal Nations in California^[4]

Summary: This is the current list of Tribal Nations and Rancherias in California sorted by the county they are located in. It mentions there are 109 nations and are located in 34 counties.

Relevance: This list is a create jumping off point for any map that is created. Ensuring no nation is left off and could also be used to check maps for accuracy.

Credible website

Mapping indigenous California: Agency and tribal perspectives on ancestral territorial representation^[5]

Summary: This article covers a study that highlights the existence of major gaps in territorial mapping of tribes without their input and their approval of territorial boundaries. The text goes over why maps are important, tribal and data sovereignty, and the interviews they conducted to make some of these findings. Relevance: This source gives us a deeper understanding of why we are making this map, what the maps can mean for the people it describes, and how groups can be misrepresented over time. The results of the interviews done indicated that over half revealed “predominantly negative sentiments regarding California’s mapping protocols”

Journal Article

Bad Indians: A tribal memoir^[6]

Summary: Miranda, a member of the Ohlone/Costanoan-Esselen Nation, brings together mission records, oral histories, photographs, and personal reflection to tell the story of her tribe's survival through California's mission and post-mission eras. It's less of a straight history and more part memoir, part archive.

Relevance: This will help us present tribal history through community voice rather than outside interpretation. The author models how to handle sensitive history with care while still centering tribal authorship, which is a useful reference point as we shape tone and content for the project.

Book

Guide to Reed Switches^[7]

Summary: This journal gives information about reed switches. It explains what they are, how they work, and how to effectively use them.

Relevance: I think reed switches could be a good way to integrate the interactive component in our map or block set project. This journal would be a good resource for effectively putting together a system containing reed switches.

Journal Article

Small Signal Audio Design^[8]

Summary: This book gives information about audio systems and the basics of what is contained in them. It also goes in depth about nuanced topics like volume controls and other audio output controls.

Relevance: This is useful to our project because we will be having an auditory element in our map or block set, so it is helpful to know about audio circuits and how to design audio systems.

Book

Interactive museum exhibits with embedded systems: A use-case scenario.^[9]

Summary: The San Diego Model Railroad Museum attracts visitors of various ages but wants to increase its appeal to teenagers. The project tries creating more interactive elements within the museum through electronic systems like using Arduino and Raspberry Pi. These systems are intended to make the exhibits more interactive and engaging for the visitors, particularly younger audiences.

Relevance: Provides examples on how microcontrollers and electronics can be used to create a more interactive and engaging experience in a museum or display setting.

Journal Article

Art Of Electronics^[10]

Summary: Art Of Electronics by Paul Horowitz and Winfield Hill begins with simpler systems and gets more advanced as the book introduces more information. The book is full of diagrams and examples and features them throughout, even for more complicated systems. Some of the topics the book covers include: transistors, amplifiers, power conversion, and microcontrollers.

Relevance: The diagrams and examples provide references for circuits that could be used to connect and operate things such as buttons, lights, speakers, and displays.

Book

Circuit Basics^[11]

Summary: Lots of information about how to run, and use a Raspberry Pi. Including the various types of switches, resistors, and buttons. It also tells how to input code into the Raspberry Pi in python. There is also info about currents, circuits, and wiring along with how to connect a Raspberry pi to a breadboard and then into buttons/switches.

Relevance: This website provides information on programming, wiring, and basic circuitry. Along with instructions on how to connect it to a Raspberry Pi.

Website

Cosmos in the Stacks guess who^[12]

Summary: The project's goal was to create a display featuring the local wildlife. By using a Raspberry Pi, directional speaker and mini LCD screen the team was able to create an interactive guessing game out of the display.  

Relevance: The page has information about directional speakers, use of a Raspberry Pi to run python code able to play audio and display information on a LCD screen. Buttons are also used in the project to initiate the interaction between the different electronics.

Website

Cosmos in the Stacks Arcata Marsh^[13]

Summary: This is a previous Engineering 205 project done Spring of 2026 for the library on California State Polytechnic Humboldt campus. It was a project centered around creating an interactive map for the library about the marshlands in Arcata.

Relevancy: This map created by Team J.A.L.E gives us images and basis to work off of as the project is very similar to the Interactive Map of the California Tribal land requirement. It has components we might integrate into our project and should give us a better understanding on how to start the project.

Website

Historic Territories of the Anishinaabe^[14]

Summary: This is an article on an historical map of Michigan with its main focus on the territories of the Anishinaabe at the Grand Rapids Public Museum. It focuses on the integration of technology into the map through LEDs and holographic imagery.

Relevancy: This article contains images of the map and could provide inspiration as we also are creating a map with interactive components on tribal lands. It also talks about how the map is 86 years old and by looking into the materials we might be able to find sturdy and durable materials to use on our map.

Website

Traveling the Silk Road - Interactive Surface^[15]

Summary: This is an article on an interactive surface display at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. It displays images of the LED surface and how kids interact with it.

Relevancy: This article talks about the behind the scenes for the electronic and could generate ideas for our own map or how we could implement them ourselves. It also talks about the location of the map and why that location is important for the audience to look at and interact with.

Journal Article

Wood handbook: Wood as an engineering material^[16]

Summary: Wood Handbook wood as an engineering material talks about the properties of wood based materials and their uses in engineering. It talks about designing with wood and wood-based products.

Relevancy: Chapters 4,5,12 and 16 talk about the properties of wood, using these chapters we can choose which wood materials would be best for the map in the long term and how to maintain the map. Chapters 4 and 5 talk about the properties allowing us to decide if wood would be the best material to make it out of.

Book

3D Printing Filaments Overview:^[17]

Summary:  Lots of information on 3d printing and the processes behind it, including the techniques and materials used in filament printing. It includes how 3d printers work and the difference setting that can be adjusted when 3d printing.

Relevancy:  This journal can help us understand the 3d printing process and the durability of filament and whether it will be strong enough to last a while or if there is a better alternative that we should use instead

Journal Article

• NCIDC's list of 109 tribes keeps us from missing anyone ^[5] but LaRosa et al. found tribes generally have negative feelings about past CA mapping efforts, so tribal sign-off matters more than just including everyone.
• Miranda's memoir shows how to tell tribal history in the community's own voice, not an outsider's ^[6] We're leaning on that by pulling content directly from tribal members instead of writing it ourselves first.
• CDE's focus on multicultural learning and the AICE program's emphasis on belonging pushed us toward possibly keeping it simple, maybe with kid-friendly content compared to a dense reference map.^[1]
• The Wood Handbook and filament overview give us the info to compare durability, which matters since this needs to be sturdy and wall-mountable long-term.
• Cosmos in the Stacks Arcata Marsh (same class, same library) gives us a template to build from, while flashier examples like the Anishinaabe map and Silk Road LED surface show options we could explore further.

The following are alternative solutions in case we need to change or alternate ways we could go about designing the project.

• The Hybrid (figure 1)
  • The hybrid is a wall mounted topographical 3D printed map from garberville to crescent city surrounded by a wooden border (2). It has 5 buttons (6) and one dial (5). When the dial is shifted the information each button plays will change in accordance to which mode the dial is on (4). The dial will have two modes, one where the information is general and the other with more detailed information. When a button is pressed a small LED lights up displaying which location the audio coincides with (10). It is run by a microcontroller on the back and plugs into power and also has an on/off switch (8). It will be located in HGH105, height=2.5 ft width=1.5 ft.
• Screen Extravaganza (figure 2)
  • The Screen Extravaganza design has a LED screen that displays a map from garberville to crescent city (4), and can zoom in to parts based on what region/tribe is selected and will display information about that region/tribe (8).
• The Flat Stanley (figure 3)
  • The Flat Stanley design is also 3d printed but lacks the same definition that the topographical one has. It instead has small 3d printed names of locations (4). Also has 3d printed miniature homes/details that are on the map (5).
• The Porta Map (figure 4)
  • The Porta Map design is much smaller in size around height=1.5 ft. width=1. It is mounted via a tv cart stand with wheels and an adjustable height (2).
• The Carved Compass (figure 5)
  • The Carved Compass design is carved out from a large piece of wood to show the topographical aspects (3) as opposed to 3D printed. All other aspects remain the same.

Introduce this section in one to two sentences specific to your project.

Define each criterion from Table 1 as it is used to judge the alternatives. These are definitions, not constraints. For example, the constraint on cost is the budget, but cost might be defined as the cost of materials only, or as materials plus operation and maintenance. If your criteria changed, update Table 1 so the two match.

Cost

Definition...

Taste

Definition...

Explain the decision process your team used (e.g., decision matrix, Pugh chart). First person is appropriate here. Refer to the table, e.g., Table 2 summarizes the decision matrix.

Table 2: Decision matrix. Scores are 0-10; weighted totals are the sum of weight × score.

Criterion	Weight	Alternative A	Alternative B	Alternative C
Cost	10	7	5	9
Taste	7	8	9	4
Weighted total		126	113	118

Name the chosen solution and justify it with reference to the criteria and Table 2.

Show your most impactful prototypes from earliest to final. Include at least one prototype for function (does it work? e.g., testing a mechanism, material, or dimension) and at least one prototype for desire (will people want to use it? e.g., a mockup shown to the client or users for feedback). Each caption should say what the prototype is, whether it tested function or desire, and what you learned from it. Early sketches, failed attempts, and photos of materials and hands at work all help tell the story.

• 
  Prototype for desire: cardboard mockup of ... shown to the client. We learned that ...
• 
  Prototype for function: test of ... We learned that ...

Describe the final design, starting with the big picture and then going into detail. Use labeled images and refer to them in the text. This is usually a big section.

• 
  CAD drawing of ... by Yourname1.
• 
  Drawing of ... by Yourname2.

Give a complete description of how the final design is built, with lots of images, so someone else could replicate it. Use one {{Step}} per step. This is much easier to write as descriptive (what you did) instead of prescriptive (what another person should do), but you can take either approach.

Our timeline shows the major deadlines and milestones that our team can reference to track our progress and ensure we complete the project on time.

Table 3: Project timeline.

Date	Description	Status
Sept. 29, 2026	Meet with both clients	Complete
Oct. 6, 2026	Draft drawings of prototpyes for next client meeting	In Progress
Oct. 6, 2026	Meet, and share drafts with client and get feedback	Not started
Oct. 9, 2026	During team meeting revise based on client feedback	Not started
Oct. 13, 2026	Prototyping in makerspace	Not started
Oct. 14, 2026	Update clients with current progress	Not started
Oct. 21, 2026	Continue prototypting	Not started
Oct. 23, 2026	Begin purchasing materials	Not started
Oct. 27, 2026	Show clients prototype progress and ask for feedback	Not started
Oct. 29, 2026	Start and work on storyboard	Not started
Nov. 4, 2026	Finalizing design and Finish prototyping	Not started
Nov. 6, 2026	Constructing final product, and try to have all purchases made	Not started
Nov. 10, 2026	Show clients progress from purchased materials	Not started
Nov. 13, 2026	Continue building, and do finishing touches	Not started
Nov. 18, 2026	Practice Presentations	Not started
Nov. 21, 2026	Physical project should be close to complete and functional	Not started
Nov. 21, 2026	Final Project Document should be close to completion	Not started
Dec. 2, 2026	Present Project to our lab section	Not started
Dec. 5, 2026	Finalize and turn in Final Project Document	Not started
Dec. 9, 2026	All details should be settled and finalized	Not started
Dec. 10, 2026	Final Project Reflection	Not started
Dec. 17, 2026	Present Project in Great Hall	Not started

Introduce the three kinds of cost below in one to two sentences.

Show the total human hours your team spent outside of class, grouped into categories (e.g., research, brainstorming, prototyping, construction, documentation). Three teammates working for one hour is three human hours.

Introduce the costs to build the design, including donations and reused materials. Note whether costs are actual or proposed. If replication would cost a different amount, say so.

Item	Amount	Cost per unit	Total
Thing - from the thing store — Purchased	3	USD 5.75	USD 17.25
Another thing - 3' x 2', yellow — Donated by ...	1	USD 0.00	USD 0.00
PrintGrand total			USD 17.25EUR 14.84 <br />GBP 12.59 <br />CAD 21.39 <br />MXN 359.66 <br />INR 1,291.16 <br />

Introduce the ongoing costs in time and money, usually per year.

Table 4: Yearly maintenance cost.

Task	Frequency	Time per year (hours)	Cost per year (USD)
Example task	Monthly	2	0.00
Total		2	0.00

Introduce how to use the design, then give step-by-step instructions with labeled images. Use {{Step}} if the process has more than a few steps. A short video is a great addition:

Introduce this maintenance section. Answer these questions:

• Are there any needed actions for maintenance?
• How often?
• Who should perform maintenance?

This is when to maintain what. Please keep the format the same as it can be used to auto-populate maintenance tables.

Daily

• A daily task
• A daily task

Weekly

• a weekly task
• a weekly task

Monthly

• a monthly task
• a monthly task

Yearly

• a yearly task
• a yearly task

Every __ years

• task
• task

Give step-by-step maintenance instructions, using {{Step}} if helpful.

Describe how you tested the final design and what the results were. Compare the results to your criteria, e.g., in a table like Table 5.

Table 5: Final design performance against criteria.

Criterion	Constraint	Result	Met?
Cost	Less than or equal to $3 per ounce	$2.50 per ounce	Yes

Discuss what the testing results mean.

Discuss what your team learned and what you would do differently next time.

Discuss next steps for the project as it goes on into the future.

Cover basic operating problems only. For complex issues, the suggestion might be to contact ________.

Problem	Suggestion
Example issue	Example solution or suggestion
Does not turn on	Make sure it is plugged in.
Another issue	Etc.

Include an inspirational video for sharing.

Introduce the team and semester, e.g., This project was completed in SEMESTER YEAR by Team TEAMNAME:

• Lonny Grafman
• Emilio Velis
• One bullet for each team member, in the format [[User:Username|Full Name]].