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Revision as of 03:36, 7 May 2011
Abstract
In a space of less than 5 feet from gutter to the waters primary use, we have implemented a system that will filter the water, including a first flush filter, and collect it in an unique storage container. With the remaining 1-2 feet and insufficient water pressure to use the faucet, we have implemented a temporary pump priming system and pump faucet that can be converted to a pump hose and gravity fed sink in the future when a method to increase the amount of water pressure has been found and implemented. The sink drains have been diverted to a greywater marsh system whose outlet may be connected to the property drainage in the future.
Background
CCAT volunteers are always busy and in need of a washstation for their new greenshed. There is an existing rainwater system with storage which is in good condition and used for summer watering, although this storage tank at the present time is reported to be exhausted before the end of summer. A second water supply and storage system will need to be designed for the greenshed. The water at present time drains behind the greenshed and runs into property drainage.
This could best be served using rainwater and the greenshed roof, which is a viable source for a rainwater catchment system.
Calculator V = R * A * k * e
V = (3.5 ft/yr)(96 sq ft)(.9)(7.48 gal/cu ft) = 2262 gallons / year
2250 gallons per year.
Objective
The objective is to redirect the 2250 gallons of water currently draining off the CCAT’s green shed and soaking the soil behind the greenshed wall and onto the property every year to a catchment system and an easy to use tool wash station. After the water is collected and used it should then be used for a secondary purpose in a greywater marsh. The water and the system should fulfill as many needs as possible.
Cost Estimate (not final)
Item | Description | Price | Quantity | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|
Filter | Prevent large particulate matter | $20 | 1 | $20 |
Tank | Water Bladder: holds 1057.53 gallons | $200 | 1 | $200 |
Sink | Two basin kitchen sink | donated | 1 | $0 |
Piping | PVC some donated by CCAT some being purchased | 4.86 | 10 | $48.60 |
Marsh | Method to use overflow and waste water | donated | 1-2 | $0 |
Total Cost | $268.60 |
Criteria
The basic Criteria of planning our rainwater catchment system is function first, but based around user friendliness, longevity, and usefullness. The system has to be easy to use and rugged due the nature of the environment and able to withstand the test of time with minimal maintenance. Other considerations such as, how easy the system can be modified and aesthetics, are being taken into account as well. The following criteria will be used and with the highest score being considered over the others for the project.
Criteria | Weight (scale:1-10) | Constraints |
---|---|---|
Storage Uniqueness | 10 | location |
Materials used | 6 | Minimize new materials and high imbedded energy |
Usable sink | 7 | |
Ease of future modifications | 9 | Available location and budget |
Ease of use | 8 | Is it versatile and simple |
Self Sustaining | 7 | Is it self cleaning |
Aesthetics | 4 | Is it camoflauged with the surroundings |
Lifespan | 8 | Quality of materials and resistance to photodegradation |
Rough Timeline
Week 0 = Finals week May 20th
Objectives | Relative Week |
Test storage | Week 8 Mar 18th (Spring Break) |
Install storage | Week 8 Mar 18th (Spring Break) |
Build framing | Week 7 Mar 25th |
Attach and test filter | Week 6 Apr 1st |
Start collecting testing storage | Week 6 Apr 1st |
Find overflow elevation/capacity | Week 5 Apr 8th |
Place and start siphon | Week 5 Apr 8th |
Connect overflow system | Week 5 Apr 8th |
Connect sink & Test sink | Week 4 Apr 15th |
Connect marsh to sink outlet | Week 4 Apr 22nd |
System complete | Week 3 Apr 29th |
Working system debugged or noted | Week 2 May 6th |
Working whitepapers - specs/docs | Week 1 May 13th |
Appropedia/report COMPLETE | Week 0 May 20th |
Construction
Going through the building phase step by step! Starting with getting the water bladder, digging, and finally putting everything together.
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Makinking sure the bag fits behind the shed
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Testing the water bag and making sure there are no leaks
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This is after digging out dirt for the bag to fit in and putting in gravel
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The sink
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Sink with pump that can connect to a hose
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Piping connecting from the sink to the marsh
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Piping continue to the marsh
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The final step for the flow of water is into the marsh
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Marsh
Design
Some notes:
- The system will consist of a first flush filter, storage, and transport to a wash sink below the container.
The design of the rainwater catchment system first starts with rain! The rain will fall on to the storage shed roof and then into the gutter. From there the water will flow down into a pipe and then proceed through a first flush which is a filter to get rid of debris that comes off of the roof from trees and other places. Now filtered the water will continue through pvc pipes and into the water bladder. The water bladder will start to fill. In the water bladder there is a hose that comes out at the open end and connects to a pump. The pump connects to the sink and also has an auxiliary outlet for a garden hose to connect to so the CCAT volunteers can water the gardens near the sink. The pump will primarily be used to prime the system should the siphon fail. Since this system is gravity dependent, "gravity fed", maintaining the siphon is essential for the faucet and tool wash. From the sink the water will be routed to a greywater marsh downhill from the rest of the system.
Testing Results
Next Steps
More testing would be really helpful and then fix whatever needed to be fixed.
Conclusion
Lessons Learned
1. Have client define criteria or project. Get it written and signed off on so that all sides can not change contract/project as project continues.
2. If a client defines what they want done and interjects during construction how they want it done, we can break the contract or just let them do project.
3. Build a contract with CCAT on what they want from the beginning so we will have a complete plan of what they want from the beginning.
4. If a construction design changes mid or near end project, we should have the ability to change the compensation or timeline.
5. Require 24/7 or convenient access to materials and tools.
6. If there is a conflict in direction, we will not be in the middle. Let the two sides resolve their issues and come to the group with the final.
7. Request clear grading criteria for project.
8. If I have to provide free labor for a class project, pick an easy project or a non-promotional project (one that is not a display).
9. Do not allow those not being graded on the project to alter the project on their own forcing a redesign.
10. This project would be a better project for fall semester since it doesn't rain as much. Rain haults work! Also then in the spring when it rains all the time it would be great way to test the system!
Literature review
Books
1. This book shows the right and wrong ways to build a catchment system. Also shows the steps on how to build ferrocement water tank and maintenance on tanks. It also talks about the history of rainwater catchment.
Gould,John. Rainwater Catchment Systems For Domestic Supply Design, Construction and Implementation. Southampton Row,London: Intermediate Technology Publications, 1999.
2. Shows how to calculate the efficiency of water from the storage tanks to farms.
Bos,M.G.. On Irrigation Efficiencies. 19 ed. Wageningen,Netherlands: International Institute for Land Reclamaion and Improvement, 1974.
3. Case studies from around the world using different types of catchments and also measure sediment build up.
Schick,Asher. Channel Processes: Water, Sediment, Catchment Controls. Catena Supplement 5. West Germany: Catena Verlag, 1984.
4. Ball Redbook 17th edition Vol. 1 Multiple descriptions and ideas of utilizing space for irrigation systems. Beytes, Chris, and Debbie Hamrick. Ball redbook . 17th ed. Batavia, Ill.: Ball Pub., 2003.
5. Greenhouse Operation & Management 6th edition More examples and ideas for transporting small scale amounts of water. Nelson, Paul V.. Greenhouse operation & management . 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1998.
6. The Atmosphere an introduction to Meteorology Detailed information on interpreting weather patterns and atmospheric conditions. Lutgens, Fredrick K., and Edward J. Tarbuck. The Atmosphere an introduction to Meteorology. 10 ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007.
Peer Reviewed
1. Talks about different types of grey water (light grey water) . The benefits, nutrients that are good for irrigation. Or some effects on plants and what you should do to decrease risks.
"BC Green Building Code Greywater Recycling". (2007), http://www.llbc.leg.bc.ca/public/pubdocs/bcdocs/438927/lighthouse_research_on_greywater_recycling_oct_22_07_2_.pdf. (accessed February 10, 2011).
2. “Harvest the Rain” Article on rainwater catchment systems with multiple diagrams of filtration systems
Mother Earth News; Aug/Sep2003, Issue 199, p42, 7p, 2 Color Photographs, 3 Black and White Photographs, 3 Diagrams
3. Specifics towards maximizing the efficiency of a rain gutter drainage system. Arthur, S. "Recent and future advances in roof drainage design and performance." Building services engineering research & technology 26.4 (2005): 337-348.
Internet sites
1. Talks about where to put a marsh, how to build one and how it helps animals have habitats.
The Old House Web. "Backyard Wetlands: Mini-marshes Can Provide Benefits Of Natural Wetlands." http://www.oldhouseweb.com/gardening/backyard-wetlands-mini-marshes-can-provide-benefits-of-natural-wetlands.shtml (accessed 2/11/11).
2. Shows the process of how to install a sink outdoors
Ames, Daniel. "How to Add an Outdoor Sink." may 6, 2010.http://www.ehow.com/how_6299555_add-outdoor-sink.html (accessed 2/8/11).
3. An idea for Rubbermaid trash cans for a water storage. Seeing if people used them and if they liked them.
"Simply Discuss: Rubbermaid trash can for water storage?." 03/07/2007.http://forum.simplydiscus.com/showthread.php?56309-rubbermaid-trash-can-for-water-storage (accessed 2/8/11).
4. Flexi tube connection and inlet connection. http://www.instructables.com/id/Elevated-Dual-Barrel-Rainwater-Collection-System/
5. Solar Powered system, an idea should we find ourselves with excess time. http://www.instructables.com/id/Green-Solar-Powered-Water-Barrel/
6. Modular Filtration and Storage system http://www.instructables.com/id/Rain-water-collection-filtration-storage-syste/