TissueDB/Tissues/Velar musculature
The velar musculature comprises the muscles of the soft palate, principally the levator veli palatini, with the palatopharyngeus, palatoglossus and tensor veli palatini as its surrounding muscular attachments.[1] In a cleft palate the levator does not reach the midline: it passes inferomedially from its skull-base origin and inserts into the cleft margin along the anterior half of the velum, where in a normal palate it reaches the midline in the middle 40% of the soft palate.[1] In cleft palate repair these muscles are the targets of intra-velar veloplasty: they are dissected free from that abnormal insertion, retropositioned, and reapproximated in the midline to reconstruct the velopharyngeal sphincter.[1] More aggressive levator dissection and reconstruction at primary one-stage palatoplasty improved speech resonance and reduced the need for secondary management of velopharyngeal dysfunction at three years of age in a single-centre series of 252 repairs.[1]
Materials
| Material | Visual | Tactile | Simulator | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silicone | Cleft Palate Repair Simulator (Nicholas) | Disposable silicone soft-tissue layer, supplied as a removable cartridge over the reusable hard-plastic skeletal base. The source labels this layer only "muscle" and does not name the individual muscles. |
References
[edit source]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Nguyen DC, Patel KB, Skolnick GB, Skladman R, Grames LM, Stahl MB, Marsh JL, Woo AS. "Progressive tightening of the levator veli palatini muscle improves velopharyngeal dysfunction in early outcomes of primary palatoplasty." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 2015;136(1):131-141. DOI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000001323. PMID 26111318. PMC4610398.
| Authors | Arturopelayo |
|---|---|
| License | CC-BY-SA-4.0 |
| Cite as | Arturopelayo (2026). "TissueDB/Tissues/Velar musculature". Appropedia. Retrieved August 20, 2026. |