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TissueDB/Tissues/Esophagus

From Appropedia
▼This page is a tissue entry for the SELF Tissue Database.
It documents the structures, recommended materials, and related simulators associated with this tissue to support low-cost, reproducible surgical simulator development.
Labelled histological cross-section of the oesophagus showing the mucosa with its stratified squamous non-keratinised epithelium, lamina propria and muscularis mucosa, the submucosa with oesophageal glands and adipocytes, the muscularis externa with inner circular and outer longitudinal layers, and the adventitia.
Cross-section of the oesophageal wall showing the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa and adventitia.
License: CC-BY-4.0 by DrJanaOfficial

The esophagus is a muscular tube connecting the pharynx to the stomach. In neonatal simulation, the esophagus is clinically relevant as the site of inadvertent endotracheal tube placement during intubation.

Materials

Material Visual Tactile Simulator Notes
Gelatin, Psyllium Neonatal ETT Ultrasound Simulator (Qaim Ali) Hollow cylinder in gelatin-psyllium block; sonographic appearance simulates air-filled esophageal lumen on transverse anterior neck ultrasound. Removable gelatin plug simulates ETT presence or absence.[1]
Liquid plastisol over cone-shaped gauze core with embedded clinical NG (nasogastric) tube Emergency Department Thoracotomy Simulator (Misra) Plastisol-coated gauze cone with embedded clinical NG tube serves as the esophagus model. The NG tube is a deliberate tactile differentiator from the adjacent aorta during cross-clamping decisions.[2]
Laerdal airway management trainer esophagus (proprietary; not modified by source authors) SALAD Simulator (Kumar) Tube-A is inserted through the distal stomach and pushed up the esophagus until it reaches the upper esophageal end or hypopharynx, terminating the contaminant-delivery path inside the manikin.[3]

References

[edit source]
  1. ↑ Merali HS, Tessaro MO, Ali KQ, Morris SK, Soofi SB, Ariff S (2019). "A novel training simulator for portable ultrasound identification of incorrect newborn endotracheal tube placement – observational diagnostic accuracy study protocol." BMC Pediatrics 19:434. DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1717-y. PMID: 31722685. PMC: PMC6852924.
  2. ↑ Misra A et al. 2024 J Surg Educ 81(1):134–144. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2023.09.009. PMID: 37926660.
  3. ↑ Kumar R, Kumar R 2024, Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine 28(7):702–705. DOI 10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24760. PMID 38994267.
Page data
Keywords esophagus, oesophagus, gullet, esophageal intubation, ultrasound, TissueDB
Authors Ian-laurel, Arturo Pelayo
License CC-BY-SA-4.0
Language English (en)
Related 0 subpages, 11 pages link here
Views 3 page views (analytics)
Created April 18, 2026 by Arturo Pelayo
Last edit November 1, 2026 by Arturo Pelayo
Cite as Arturo Pelayo (2026). "TissueDB/Tissues/Esophagus". Appropedia. Retrieved November 9, 2026.
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