TissueDB/Simulators/CPR Simulator (Leiton-Espinoza)
The Leiton-Espinoza CPR Simulator ("Salvando a Rosita") is a low-cost commercial trainer for hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation — chest compressions only — a purchased auditory-feedback device used where commercial CPR manikins are unavailable. The learner is given a tone when a chest compression is deep enough. It is a compression-feedback device rather than a full anatomical model: the plastic "heart" is tuned to the force and depth of an adequate adult chest compression, not to chest appearance.[1][2]
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Features and Basic Operation | The learner performs hands-only chest compressions on the plastic "heart" at the marked chest landmark; when a compression is deep enough the heart sounds a tone, giving real-time depth feedback, and it needs no batteries. The tone reports compression force/depth only — it does not pace the compression rate (the guideline target is 100–120 per minute), so the rescuer must set the rate.[1][2] |
| Current Development Status | Evaluated for teaching suitability in two published studies; not clinically validated.[2][1] |
| Estimated Build Time and Cost | Not stated in source. Not stated in source. |
| Specialized Tools and Equipment | None |
| Version | Version 1 |
| Development Team Contact Information | Zoila Esperanza Leiton-Espinoza (Faculty of Nursing, National University of Trujillo, Peru). Correspondence (2025 study): Ángel López-González, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain (angel.lopez@uclm.es). Device development (2022): Joseba Rabanales-Sotos and colleagues, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; device producer Cardioprotec&Health, Spain.[1][2] |
Direct sources: Leiton-Espinoza et al. 2025 and Rabanales-Sotos et al. 2022.[1][2]
Tissues
| Tissue | Qty | Material | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart | 1 | Plastic | — | The plastic "heart" the rescuer compresses. Each adequate compression mobilises air in an internal cavity and sounds a tone, which gives compression-force/depth feedback. Rabanales-Sotos 2022 calibrated its Shore D 7 hardness to the force and depth of an adequate adult chest compression. The heart reproduces compression resistance, not cardiac-muscle anatomy.[2][1] |
Structural Parts
| Part Name | Qty | Material | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Printed tapestry | 1 | Not specified in source | — | The base sheet the heart sits on. The print carries the ERC basic-CPR algorithm and a chest silhouette marking heart and AED-pad placement. The print also shows AED instructions and the emergency telephone number. Fabric type and size are not stated in the sources.[1][2] |
Build Instructions
Phase 1: Obtain the components
- Buy the feedback "heart" from the device producer. The device's "heart" is a plastic shell with an internal air cavity that sounds when compressed. Rabanales-Sotos et al. 2022 report the device as "Salvando a Llanetes". That development paper specifies a piece of 60 × 60 × 50 mm with a Shore D hardness of 7. The paper states that the piece sounds a 65–75 dB tone at 6000–8000 Hz when pressed correctly. It names Winther-Winther (Copenhagen) as the heart's maker, and Cardioprotec&Health (Spain) as the device producer. The heart is a commercial item. Leiton-Espinoza et al. 2025 studied the same device in Peru under the name "Salvando a Rosita".[2][1]
- Obtain the tapestry supplied with the device. It already carries the ERC basic-CPR algorithm and a human-chest silhouette. The silhouette marks the heart-placement landmark and the AED (automated external defibrillator) pad positions. It also carries AED instructions and the emergency telephone number. The fabric type and tapestry dimensions are not stated in the source papers.[1][2]
Phase 2: Assemble
- Place the feedback heart on the tapestry at the marked heart-placement landmark. The rescuer then compresses it over the printed chest silhouette.[1][2]
Phase 3: Check the feedback
- Press the heart perpendicularly with a force in the 28.5–69 kp range. The development paper calibrates the heart's Shore D 7 hardness and this force to a 50–60 mm depth. That is the depth considered adequate for adult chest compressions. Confirm that the heart sounds a clear tone on each adequate compression. If it does not sound, check that the press is perpendicular and that the force is enough.[1][2]
Not suitable for
The source authors note that the device is not suitable for learning situations where CPR quality is essential. Those learners include final-year undergraduate students and health-science professionals. Its suitability for other populations such as schoolchildren and older adults remains unassessed.[1] The development paper adds that it is a simple, disposable device. That paper names limitations in complex situations and spaces — for example water, rain, or places that need high-fidelity simulation.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 Leiton-Espinoza ZE, López-González Á, Villanueva-Benites ME, Urbina-Rojas YE, Rabanales-Sotos J, Hoyos-Álvarez Y, Gómez-Lujan MDP. "Suitability of a Low-Fidelity and Low-Cost Simulator for Teaching Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation—'Hands-Only CPR'—To Nursing Students." Nursing Reports 2025;15(5):162. DOI 10.3390/nursrep15050162. PMID 40423196. Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 Rabanales-Sotos J, Guisado-Requena IM, Leiton-Espinoza ZE, Guerrero-Agenjo CM, López-Torres-Hidalgo J, Martín-Conty JL, Martín-Rodríguez F, López-Tendero J, López-González A. "Development and Validation of a Novel Ultra-Compact and Cost-Effective Device for Basic Hands-On CPR Training: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Blinded Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022;19(22):15228. DOI 10.3390/ijerph192215228. PMID 36429945. Licensed CC BY 4.0.
| Alternative names | Salvando a Rosita (the device name as studied in Peru). The same device was developed and reported as "Salvando a Llanetes" (Cardioprotec&Health Spain) by Rabanales-Sotos et al. (2022). |
|---|
| Authors | Arturopelayo |
|---|---|
| License | CC-BY-SA-4.0 |
| Cite as | Arturopelayo (2026). "TissueDB/Simulators/CPR Simulator (Leiton-Espinoza)". Appropedia. Retrieved August 2, 2026. |