TissueDB/Simulators/CPR Simulator (Leiton-Espinoza)
The Leiton-Espinoza CPR Simulator ("Salvando a Rosita") is a low-cost commercial trainer for hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation — chest compressions only — a purchased auditory-feedback device used where commercial CPR manikins are unavailable. The learner is given a tone when a chest compression is deep enough. It is a compression-feedback device rather than a full anatomical model: the plastic "heart" is tuned to the force and depth of an adequate adult chest compression, not to chest appearance.[1][2]
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| Features and Basic Operation | The learner performs hands-only chest compressions on the plastic "heart" at the marked chest landmark; when a compression is deep enough the heart sounds a tone, giving real-time depth feedback, and it needs no batteries. The tone reports compression force/depth only — it does not pace the compression rate (the guideline target is 100–120 per minute), so the rescuer must set the rate.[1][2] |
| Current Development Status | Evaluated for teaching suitability in two published studies; not clinically validated.[2][1] |
| Estimated Build Time and Cost | Not stated in source. |
| Specialized Tools and Equipment | None |
| Version | Version 1 |
| Development Team Contact Information | Zoila Esperanza Leiton-Espinoza (Faculty of Nursing, National University of Trujillo, Peru). Correspondence (2025 study): Ángel López-González, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain (email angel.lopez@uclm.es — ⚑ Open for review: this literal address is not in the open-access full text or PubMed metadata; confirm against the journal PDF footnote). Device development (2022): Joseba Rabanales-Sotos and colleagues, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; device producer Cardioprotec&Health, Spain.[1][2] |
Tissues
| Tissue | Qty | Material | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heart | 1 | Plastic | — | The plastic "heart" the rescuer compresses; air in an internal cavity is mobilised on each adequate compression and sounds a tone, giving compression-force/depth feedback. Its Shore D 7 hardness is calibrated to the force and depth of an adequate adult chest compression (Rabanales-Sotos 2022). ⚑ Open for review (Catherine): tissue-vs-structural-part classification is your call (DM-0520-14). Best attempt = Tissues, because the device represents the heart and reproduces the adult chest-compression mechanic — note it reproduces compression resistance, not cardiac-muscle anatomy. The tissue anchor and the material class are unresolved naming/structure items for Felipe: there is no fitting tissue class (the existing Heart class page redirects to Muscle), and no Plastic material class page exists yet — both are left unlinked here rather than mis-anchored or red-linked.[2][1] |
Structural Parts
| Part Name | Qty | Material | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Printed tapestry | 1 | Not specified in source | — | The base sheet the heart sits on, printed with the ERC basic-CPR algorithm, a chest silhouette marking heart and AED-pad placement, AED instructions, and the emergency telephone number. Fabric type and size are not stated in the sources.[1][2] |
Build Instructions
Phase 1: Obtain the components
- Buy the feedback "heart" from the device producer — a plastic shell (the device's "heart") with an internal air cavity that sounds when compressed. The development paper (Rabanales-Sotos et al. 2022, which reports the device as "Salvando a Llanetes") specifies a piece of 60 × 60 × 50 mm with a Shore D hardness of 7, sounding a 65–75 dB tone at 6000–8000 Hz when pressed correctly, and names the heart's maker as Winther-Winther (Copenhagen) for the device producer Cardioprotec&Health (Spain). The heart is a commercial item; the same device was studied in Peru under the name "Salvando a Rosita".[2][1]
- Obtain the tapestry supplied with the device. It already carries the ERC basic-CPR algorithm, a human-chest silhouette marking the heart-placement landmark and AED (automated external defibrillator) pad positions, AED instructions, and the emergency telephone number. The fabric type and tapestry dimensions are not stated in the source papers.[1][2]
Phase 2: Assemble
- Place the feedback heart on the tapestry at the marked heart-placement landmark, so the rescuer compresses it over the printed chest silhouette.[1][2]
Phase 3: Check the feedback
- Press the heart perpendicularly with a force in the 28.5–69 kp range — the heart's Shore D 7 hardness and this force are what the development paper calibrates to the 50–60 mm depth considered adequate for adult chest compressions — and confirm it sounds a clear tone on each adequate compression; if it does not sound, check it is being pressed perpendicularly and with enough force.[1][2]
Not suitable for
The source authors note the device is not suitable for learning situations where CPR quality is essential (final-year undergraduate students and health-science professionals), and that its suitability for other populations such as schoolchildren and older adults has not been assessed.[1] The development paper adds that it is a simple, disposable device with limitations in complex situations and spaces — for example water, rain, or where high-fidelity simulation is needed.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 Leiton-Espinoza ZE, López-González Á, Villanueva-Benites ME, Urbina-Rojas YE, Rabanales-Sotos J, Hoyos-Álvarez Y, Gómez-Lujan MDP. "Suitability of a Low-Fidelity and Low-Cost Simulator for Teaching Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation—'Hands-Only CPR'—To Nursing Students." Nursing Reports 2025;15(5):162. DOI 10.3390/nursrep15050162. PMID 40423196. Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 Rabanales-Sotos J, Guisado-Requena IM, Leiton-Espinoza ZE, Guerrero-Agenjo CM, López-Torres-Hidalgo J, Martín-Conty JL, Martín-Rodríguez F, López-Tendero J, López-González A. "Development and Validation of a Novel Ultra-Compact and Cost-Effective Device for Basic Hands-On CPR Training: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Blinded Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022;19(22):15228. DOI 10.3390/ijerph192215228. PMID 36429945. Licensed CC BY 4.0.
| Alternative names | Salvando a Rosita (the device name as studied in Peru). The same device was developed and reported as "Salvando a Llanetes" (Cardioprotec&Health Spain) by Rabanales-Sotos et al. (2022). |
|---|
| Authors | Arturopelayo |
|---|---|
| License | CC-BY-SA-4.0 |
| Cite as | Arturopelayo (2026). "TissueDB/Simulators/CPR Simulator (Leiton-Espinoza)". Appropedia. Retrieved June 23, 2026. |