TissueDB/Simulators/CPR Simulator (Leiton-Espinoza)
General Information
The Leiton-Espinoza CPR Simulator ("Salvando a Rosita") is a low-fidelity, low-cost trainer for hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation — chest compressions only. It is a plastic, air-filled model "heart" that emits an audible tone when pressed within a target compression-force range, placed on a printed tapestry carrying the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) basic-CPR algorithm, a chest silhouette marking heart and AED (automated external defibrillator) pad placement, and the emergency telephone number. The device gives auditory feedback on compression force and supports practising the target compression rate (100–120 per minute, set by the rescuer from instruction); it does not replicate anatomical tissue.[1][2]
| Field | Details |
|---|---|
| General Information | An economical training device for "hands-only CPR" — an accessible alternative to commercial CPR manikins for early-stage teaching and community training where manikins are unavailable. It was developed and trialled (as "Salvando a Llanetes") and later assessed for usability with nursing trainees (as "Salvando a Rosita"). Direct sources: Leiton-Espinoza et al. 2025, Nursing Reports 15(5):162, PMID 40423196; Rabanales-Sotos et al. 2022, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 19(22):15228, PMID 36429945.[1][2] |
| Features and Basic Operation | The user performs chest compressions on the plastic "heart" at the marked chest landmark. Within the target compression force (28.5–69 kg), the heart's internal air cavity is displaced and it sounds a tone, giving real-time feedback that the compression depth is adequate; the heart needs no batteries. The printed tapestry shows the ERC basic-CPR algorithm, a chest silhouette with the heart-placement landmark and AED (automated external defibrillator) pad positions, AED instructions, and the emergency telephone number. The device gives no compression-rate feedback, so the rescuer keeps the 100–120 per-minute rate from prior instruction.[1][2] |
| Current Development Status | Developed, validated, and usability-assessed (Rabanales-Sotos et al. 2022; Leiton-Espinoza et al. 2025).[2][1] |
| Estimated Build Time and Cost | Not stated in source. |
| Specialized Tools and Equipment | None |
| Version | Not stated in source. |
| Development Team Contact Information | Zoila Esperanza Leiton-Espinoza (Faculty of Nursing, National University of Trujillo, Peru). Correspondence (2025 study): Ángel López-González, angel.lopez@uclm.es (Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain). Device development (2022): Joseba Rabanales-Sotos and colleagues, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; device producer Cardioprotec&Health, Spain.[1][2] |
Structural Parts
| Part Name | Qty | Material | Cost | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feedback heart | 1 | Molded plastic | — | The shell the rescuer compresses; an internal air cavity is displaced on each adequate compression and sounds a tone, giving compression-force feedback. Requires no batteries.[2][1] |
| Printed tapestry | 1 | Printed fabric | — | The base sheet the heart sits on, printed with the ERC basic-CPR algorithm, a chest silhouette marking heart and AED-pad placement, AED instructions, and the emergency telephone number. Fabric type and size are not stated in the sources.[1][2] |
Build Instructions
Phase 1: Obtain the components
- Obtain the molded-plastic feedback heart — a heart-shaped shell with an internal air cavity that sounds when compressed. The device's development paper (Rabanales-Sotos et al. 2022, which reports the device as "Salvando a Llanetes") specifies a piece of about 60 × 60 × 50 mm with a Shore D hardness of 7, sounding a 65–75 dB tone at 6000–8000 Hz when pressed correctly, and names the heart's maker as Winther-Winther (Copenhagen) for the device producer Cardioprotec&Health (Spain). The heart is a commercial item, sold under the registered trademark "Salvando a Rosita®" in Peru.[2][1]
- Obtain or print the tapestry, and print onto it the ERC basic-CPR algorithm, a human-chest silhouette marking the heart-placement landmark and AED (automated external defibrillator) pad positions, AED instructions, and the emergency telephone number. The fabric type and tapestry dimensions are not stated in the source papers.[1][2]
Phase 2: Assemble
- Place the feedback heart on the tapestry at the marked heart-placement landmark, so the rescuer compresses it over the printed chest silhouette.[1][2]
Phase 3: Check the feedback
- Press the heart perpendicularly with a force in the 28.5–69 kg range and confirm it sounds a clear tone on each adequate compression; if it does not sound, re-seat it and check it is being pressed perpendicularly.[1][2]
Not suitable for
The source authors note the device is not suitable for learning situations where CPR quality is essential (final-year health-sciences trainees and qualified professionals), and that its suitability in other groups such as schoolchildren and older adults has not been assessed.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 Leiton-Espinoza ZE, López-González Á, Villanueva-Benites ME, Urbina-Rojas YE, Rabanales-Sotos J, Hoyos-Álvarez Y, Gómez-Lujan MDP. "Suitability of a Low-Fidelity and Low-Cost Simulator for Teaching Basic Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation—'Hands-Only CPR'—To Nursing Students." Nursing Reports 2025;15(5):162. DOI 10.3390/nursrep15050162. PMID 40423196. Licensed CC BY 4.0.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 Rabanales-Sotos J, Guisado-Requena IM, Leiton-Espinoza ZE, Guerrero-Agenjo CM, López-Torres-Hidalgo J, Martín-Conty JL, Martín-Rodríguez F, López-Tendero J, López-González A. "Development and Validation of a Novel Ultra-Compact and Cost-Effective Device for Basic Hands-On CPR Training: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Blinded Trial." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2022;19(22):15228. DOI 10.3390/ijerph192215228. PMID 36429945. Licensed CC BY 4.0.
| Alternative names | Salvando a Rosita® (registered trademark; the device as studied in Peru). The same device was developed and first reported as "Salvando a Llanetes" (Cardioprotec&Health Spain) by Rabanales-Sotos et al. (2022). |
|---|
| Authors | Arturopelayo |
|---|---|
| License | CC-BY-SA-4.0 |
| Cite as | Arturopelayo (2026). "TissueDB/Simulators/CPR Simulator (Leiton-Espinoza)". Appropedia. Retrieved June 4, 2026. |