TissueDB/Materials/Grapefruit

▼This page is a material entry for the SELF Tissue Database.It documents the tissue applications, practical guidance, and related simulators for this material to support low-cost, reproducible surgical simulator development.

Grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi) is a citrus fruit used in neurovascular bypass simulation as a construction substrate, not as a tissue-simulating material. In the Cikla et al. 2020 distal anterior cerebral artery (dACA) side-to-side bypass trainer, a large grapefruit (12–15 cm diameter) is prepared with two longitudinal pole-to-pole rind incisions, demarcating approximately one-fifth of the fruit surface area; one strip is removed and the natural groove between sections is bluntly dissected to simulate the interhemispheric fissure. Per Cikla 2020 Table 1, grapefruit components have anatomic correlates (rind+pith ≈ skin and subcutaneous tissue; skin ≈ arachnoid and pia mater; flesh ≈ cerebral cortex; section ≈ cerebral hemisphere; central column ≈ dACA path), but these are scaffolding analogues—the grapefruit does not itself simulate artery or brain tissue. The pith-to-central-column interior distance (mean 36.8±2.6 mm, n=20) approximates cadaveric brain cortex-to-corpus-callosum depth.