Pest control is a matter of human health and comfort (mosquito control, bedbugs, fleas and lice, control and treatment of bedbugs, control of head lice). A "pest" is any insect, rodent, or wildlife that is considered undesirable because they either invade people's homes or businesses, causing damage or heightening the risk of communicating a disease or illness. So pest control services would be the process of managing (by using deterrents or repellents) or removing pests from the house or place of business.
It is also an important aspect of agriculture: Integrated Pest Management, questions of organic farming versus conventional farming, and novel methods such as bee fences to deter elephants.