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== Outline - aka work in progress<br>  ==
== Outline - aka work in progress<br>  ==


===== * insert title here → coming soon to an open access library near you! =====
===== * BARRIERS AND SOLUTIONS TO OPEN SOURCE APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: INNOVATION THROUGH COLLABORATION → soon available through Queen's open access =====


--
'''Chapters:'''
''Chapter 1 - Introduction''
<br />
*Development Challenges
*Research Objectives and Overview


<br>


<br /> '''Chapters in the work'''
''Chapter 2 - Literature Sources and Appropriate Technology Review''
<br />


<br /> '''Importance of the Appropriate Technology for a sustainable development'''
*Literature Sources
<br />Schumacher: Small is Beautiful: Intermediate non-violent technologies a must
*Appropriate Technology and Development
<br />Less strain on environmental resources - global population expanding, resources finite, climate destabilization etc.
*Technological Design
<br />Creative, engaging and meaningful work for people
*Open Source and Knowledge Commons Interview Basis and Methodology
<br />Using technologies, resources and tools wisely
*Development Matters: The Complexity of Sustainable Development
<br />Necessary in Developing countries as well as everywhere: we are all in the same boat
*History of the Appropriate Technology Movement
<br />Sustainable development/ development studies: feedback and engaging people from all levels important
*Current Situation and Relevance: Making the Case for OSAT
*Literature Identified Barriers to AT
*Defining principles
*Technical Aspects
*Organizational Aspects
<br />
<br />
<br /> '''Open Source, Open Access and Knowledge Commons - the future of innovation'''
 
<br /> Two heads are smarter than one: feedback and exchange of knowledge expands richness and wisdom
''Chapter 3 - Examining the Barriers to Open Source Appropriate Technology: Interview Methodology, Results and Analysis Goal and Purpose of the Study''
<br /> Faster innovation and development is objective; working together and sharing, collaborating will speed up innovation
<br />Academia, Science Commons, Seti@home, YouTube, Wikipedia, user feedback (news, media etc) - open source gaining steam
<br />Continuity: building on knowledge faster - facilitates development – exchange of ideas/ sharing, feedback
<br> Design: purpose, sustainability and simplicity main objective
<br> Variety: having a choice/ right to choose, alternatives, richness, experience, independence and empowerment
<br /> Open Libraries, Open Government, Open Everything - providing information for all people of the World
<br />The Power of numbers + Sharing, Innovating, Collaborating - changing the world one click at a time.
<br />Jeremy Rifkin: empathic civilization - internet bringing us together, connecting more with each other, understanding, and optimism (Yes We Can!) - knowledge/ news/ facts/ possibilities under our fingertips
<br />
<br />
<br />'''Methodology'''
 
<br />a) Literature Review barriers to OSAT
*Data Collection
<br />b) Interviews identified barriers to OSAT: discussions and results
*Analysis Process
*Interview Results and Discussion
*Collaboration and Communication
*Technological Dissemination
*Defining Principles
*Socio-Technical Barriers
*Economic Relationship
*Open Source and Knowledge Commons
*Research Limitations
<br />
<br />
<br />'''Barriers Explored'''
 
<br /> How are they similar, analysis and interpretation etc
''Chapter 4 - Breaking Down Barriers to Open Source Appropriate Technology Collaboration''  
<br />
<br />
<br />'''Breaking down the Barriers to Open Source Appropriate Technology Collaboration with Information and Communication Technology'''
*Open Access, Knowledge Commons and The Future of Innovation
*The Openness Factor: Background on the Open Source Movement
*Examples of Crowd-Sourcing for Development
*Enabling Collaborative Innovation: Open Source AT
*The Role of Universities in OSAT
<br />
<br />
<br /> '''Success of Open Source Software: Can a similar paradigm be adopted for OSAT facilitation?'''
''Chapter 5 - Discussion: Obstacles and Issues to Consider and Future Work''
<br> OS – success of open source software – how and why: robust, relevant, affordable technology build by people for the people
<br> Again: if the idea is faster and better innovation then non-proprietary solutions a way to go
<br> Internet the great catalyst of OSAT: speed, ease, inter-connectedness: making it happen - the time is now!
<br /> OS / OA examples are all around us: people just need to recognize its use, purpose and join the cause
<br> Online OSAT Database needed: the go to place to find OSAT solutions (i.e. Appropedia, ATC, etc)
<br />What is needed? What are the barriers? Formation and organization? More participation?
<br />
<br />
<br /> '''Further research - discussion'''
<br />
<br /> Taking it to the next level and how? Academic/ Service Learning + Gov't + Civic Engagement
<br /> Results of the interviews: What are people saying- what is needed? 
<br /> Service Learning aspect - students and professors laying out the groundwork through on hand projects
<br /> More internet + Wikis + Collaborative work use in classrooms, NGOSs, Gov'ts + Companies - share the knowledge + build upon it
<br /> General public / volunteers lending a hand - feeling involved, community building etc
<br /> Government agencies providing funding, means and tools while public does the work - Everyone wins!


<br>  
*General Obstacles
*Building the Network
*Details, Dynamics and Components of Online OSAT
 
''Chapter 6 - Conclusions''<br />


--  
--  
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*Leadership + Effective Coordination + Cooperation
*Leadership + Effective Coordination + Cooperation
* #1 ingredient - a tool as good as Internet!
* #1 ingredient - a tool as good as Internet!
<u>Key Barriers discussed in the NCIIA&nbsp;2010 paper:</u><br>
- Internet Access, Language and Culture, Funding, Collaboration Infrastructure, Business Model Types (altruistic, service based, franchise, pure open source)&nbsp;
<u>Other Barriers: </u>
A.T. critical mass lacking - spreading the word on the concept, use and benefits (lead by example)
Formal Support by Mainstream Institutions - financing and incentives (not necessary but would certainly help)
A.T. only has application in developing countries - In addition if only used in developing world further adds to alienation and industrial neocolonialism
Technology Transfer of OSAT to current financial models, policies and infrastructure
Facilitation of hardware application - OSAT&nbsp;involves hardware planning and building (very different from software development)
Problem #1 - Capitalism (bigger is better even if it's un-necessary)
Technological Momentum Critical


== Open Source Appropriate Technology Literature Review  ==
== Open Source Appropriate Technology Literature Review  ==

Revision as of 14:32, 26 September 2011

    "Be the change you want to see in the world" - Gandhi
Ivana.JPG








Academic Background

Currently finishing Master's of Environmental Studies (MES) at Queen's University, Kingston. I completed my undergraduate at Carleton University, Ottawa also in Environmental Studies with a minor in Political Science. My research interests are in applied sustainability, appropriate technology, barriers to sustainable development, power of Information and Communication Technologies (internet, access to knowledge etc), open source/ open access and innovation through collaboration, technology and society, as well as the theory of common good and morality. My thesis topic is on Open Source Appropriate Technology and will be done under the supervision of Dr. Joshua Pearce.

Just as we are all connected, so is everything co-related and the key to understanding world's problems is in comprehension of all of the elements that influence them. This means study of the entire social, technological, cultural and political factors that affect our lives as well as our relationship/ effects in them.

Campus Involvement and In the News

I am the Sustainability Coordinator for the Society of Graduate and Professional Students (SGPS). If you would like to get involved with the Sustainability Committee or apply for the SAF Grant contact sustainability@sgps.ca

In the News:
Involvement with the Queen's Sustainability Advisory Committee
Our Eco Art project 2010
Facilitating Recyclemania 2011
Gazette Article - Queen’s: The First Solar Powered University?
Coalition for Solar Powered Queen's Article
Comment on Bottled Water Free Campus
Nuclear power not worth the risk in Canada - Our Nuclear Insurance Subsidy paper in Queen's media release
Solar power outshines nuclear power: Study, Toronto Star, 2011
Bottled Water Free Day March 10, 2011

Thesis Research Topic

Open Source Appropriate Technology and Sustainable Development

Questions: Can we improve development of appropriate technology (smart/ efficient/ relevant tech) using the paradigm of open access/ open source/ knowledge commons where information, technical know-how and general knowledge is shared and improved by working together as a community? What are the barriers to development, AT and open source? Is one of the solutions to establish rich interconnected networks/ website/ database/ wikis for all A.T. related needs? How can we speed it up and scale up? What role are ICTs and Internet playing and what is their impact on appropriate technology and development in general? What are some example of the benefits of open source/ open access paradigm, innovation through collaboration + crowd-sourcing? How have the internet and ICTs already been used to spur innovation faster in new and creative ways?

Barriers to sustainable development and appropriate technology are complex as there are a lot of variables involved - but as it's been said before: the complexity of the matter must not paralyze us into inaction! Identifying problems leads to finding solutions, and the more hands and eyes working on it together the faster the process of development evolves. "Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow" - Raymond.


Poster for the School of Environmental Studies Research Day, April 28th 2011. [Barriers to OSAT for Sustainable Development]

Publications







  • Pearce, J.M., Albritton, S., Grant, G., Steed, G. and Zelenika, I. . "Enabling Innovation in Appropriate Technology for Sustainable Development". Sustainability: Science, Practice, & Policy. (Accepted - In print 2011)


  • Zelenika, I. and J.M. Pearce. Barriers to Appropriate Technology Growth in Sustainable Development. Journal of Sustainable Development.(Accepted: September 2011, In Publication: December 2011)


  • I. Zelenika Zovko and J. M. Pearce., "The Internet and ICTs as Tools and Catalysts for Sustainable Development: Innovation for 21st Century". Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics. (under review, submitted December 6, 2010)


  • Saleh, N., Pearce, J., Zelenika, I., Usability and Quality of Information Systems for Appropriate Technology in Sustainable Development: A Study Design. iConference 2012 (Submitted: September 2011, Under review)

Outline - aka work in progress

* BARRIERS AND SOLUTIONS TO OPEN SOURCE APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: INNOVATION THROUGH COLLABORATION → soon available through Queen's open access

--

Chapters:

Chapter 1 - Introduction

  • Development Challenges
  • Research Objectives and Overview


Chapter 2 - Literature Sources and Appropriate Technology Review

  • Literature Sources
  • Appropriate Technology and Development
  • Technological Design
  • Open Source and Knowledge Commons Interview Basis and Methodology
  • Development Matters: The Complexity of Sustainable Development
  • History of the Appropriate Technology Movement
  • Current Situation and Relevance: Making the Case for OSAT
  • Literature Identified Barriers to AT
  • Defining principles
  • Technical Aspects
  • Organizational Aspects


Chapter 3 - Examining the Barriers to Open Source Appropriate Technology: Interview Methodology, Results and Analysis Goal and Purpose of the Study

  • Data Collection
  • Analysis Process
  • Interview Results and Discussion
  • Collaboration and Communication
  • Technological Dissemination
  • Defining Principles
  • Socio-Technical Barriers
  • Economic Relationship
  • Open Source and Knowledge Commons
  • Research Limitations


Chapter 4 - Breaking Down Barriers to Open Source Appropriate Technology Collaboration

  • Open Access, Knowledge Commons and The Future of Innovation
  • The Openness Factor: Background on the Open Source Movement
  • Examples of Crowd-Sourcing for Development
  • Enabling Collaborative Innovation: Open Source AT
  • The Role of Universities in OSAT


Chapter 5 - Discussion: Obstacles and Issues to Consider and Future Work

  • General Obstacles
  • Building the Network
  • Details, Dynamics and Components of Online OSAT

Chapter 6 - Conclusions

--

Key Points by Eric Raymond in The Cathedral and the Bazaar

  • Feedback -  very important; users are co-developers (works for open source software and same for O.S.A.T.)
  • Clearly established idea / project - can be several but clearly defined
  • Leadership + Effective Coordination + Cooperation
  • #1 ingredient - a tool as good as Internet!

Open Source Appropriate Technology Literature Review

Anyone interested in the work and looking for the bibliography related to open source and appropriate technology can consult our OSAT Lit review list:

Open Source Appropriate Technology Literature Review

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