Literature Search on PV+CHP

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy

PV data

Keep alphabetized list of references with notes after in the following format: S. E. Shaheen, C. J. Brabec, N. S. Sariciftci, F. Padinger, T. Fromherz, and J. C. Hummelen, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 841 (2001) (hyperlinked title).

See also: User:J.M.Pearce/PV penetration level

This is a list of refs for PV + CHP (also try solar/photovoltaic + combined heat and power/distributed generation/cogen/cogeneration...and all the various types of cogensystems) (use the word 'hybrid') - we are specifically looking for hybrid systems that combine solar photovoltaics with combined heat and power systems.

• Names, "Title", source, vol. 1, Iss. 2, pp. 888 (year). (hyperlinked title)

Articles

• International Energy Agency, "Combined Heat and Power: Evaluating the benefits of greater global investment", REDalert!, vol.3, Iss. 1, pp.?? (2008). ([[1]])
  • NOTES:
    • Outlines the benefits of CHP and the G8 countries support for the deployment of CHP.
    • Figure of energy flows in the global electricity system (with waste heat and transmission losses, only one-third of energy is delivered to the end customer. (pp.6)
    • Includes a table of different power generation technologies with today's cost and an assumption of their cost in 2015-2030. (pp.33)
  • CONCLUSIONS:
    • 'CHP can reduce CO2 emissions from new generation in 2015 by more than 4% (170 Mt/yr), while in 2030 this saving increases to more than 10% (950 Mt/yr) - equivalent to one and a half times India's total annual emissions of CO2 from power generation.'

• A.C. Oliveira, C. Afonso, J. Matos, S. Riffat, M. Nguyen and P. Doherty, "A Combined Heat and Power System for Buildings driven by Solar Energy and Gas", Applied Thermal Engineering, vol. 22, Iss. 6, pp. 587-593 (2002)([[2]])
  • NOTES:
    • The system presented in this paper is a novel hybrid solar/gas system. It can provide electricity, heating and cooling for buildings. It is based on the combination of an ejector cycle heat pump with a turbine/generator group and is powered by solar collectors supplemented by a gas burner, for periods of low solar radiation.
    • Two system prototype units were successfully built and tested. Cooling capacities up to 5 kW and electrical output up to 1.5 kW were achieved.

• M. Thomson and D.G. Infield, "Network Power-Flow Analysis for a High Penetration of Distributed Generation", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol.22, Iss. 3, pp.1157-1162 (2007). ([[3]])
  • NOTES:
    • This paper discusses and analyses the impact of micro-generation (in particular, PV+CHP hybrid residential systems) on the voltage rise in a test-network in the UK.
    • The authors created an unbalanced load-flow engine using Matlab, which takes modelled load and generation data and saves the calculated voltages as minute-by-minute data for all nodes across the network.
    • 'we considered the European Standard, EN 50160, which states that, under normal operating conditions, all ten-minute mean values shall be within the range 195.5 V to 253 V. The 50% PV and 100% CHP scenarios, already discussed, lead to voltages that exceed this range, and thus, accommodating penetrations of this order would require some adjustment or re-engineering of network voltage control systems. The next two rows of Table I (30% PV and 23% CHP, respectively) show scenarios that would be acceptable under EN 50160 without any changes to voltage control systems.' (pp.1161)

• D.P. Jenkins, J. Fletcher, D. Kane, "Model for Evaluating impact of battery storage on microgeneration systems in dwellings", source, vol.?, Iss. ?, pp.? (?). ([[4]])

CHP Companies

Company: WhisperGen [5]

• Stirling Engine Technology
  • SPECS:
    • Model: MkV AC Gas fired
    • Engine: 4 cylinder double-acting Stirling cycle
    • Outputs:
    • Electrical: Up to 1000W @ 230V AC
    • Thermal: heat output from 7.5-12kW
    • Fuel: 2nd family natural gas 2H, 2L, 2E
    • Power Connection: Grid-connected 4 pole induction generator, IEC plug and socket connections
    • Dimensions: 480mm (19”) x 560mm (22”) x 840mm (33”) (w x d x h)
    • Dry Weight: 137 kg (280lb)
    • Connections: Standard plumbing connections

Company: Honda MCHP [6]

• 4-stroke Engine
  • SPECS:
    • Engine: Single cylinder
    • Outputs:
    • Electrical: 1.2 kW @240V AC
    • Thermal Output: 12,000 BTU/hr
    • Fuel: Natural Gas or Propane
    • Dimensions: 35"x23"x15" (h x w x d)
    • Weight: 179 lbs