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===To employer=== | ===To employer=== | ||
An agency may find that by offering the flexibility to work from home, they can hire back a retiree with the right specialized experience to do a job on a part-time, rather than full-time, basis. | An agency may find that by offering the flexibility to work from home, they can hire back a retiree with the right specialized experience to do a job on a part-time, rather than full-time, basis.(2) | ||
===To employee=== | ===To employee=== | ||
Revision as of 21:13, 6 February 2010
Introduction
Telecommuting is an arrangement between a workplace and employee to allow flexibility in working location and hours.
Technology
Advantages
Conditions for the employee (the telecommuter) are generally most favorable when: (1) the employer bears the equipment cost; (2) commute distances are above average; (3) the commute vehicle has below-average fuel economy; (4) travel time is highly valued; and (5) telecommuting is frequent, while conditions for the employer are most favorable when: (1) the telecommuter bears the equipment cost; (2) there is low telecommuter attrition; (3) the employee is highly productive on telecommuting days; (4) the employee’s time is highly valued; and (5) telecommuting is frequent.
from Shafizadeh et al. (3)
Reduced traffic congestion and car accidents Reduced road maintenance costs Less petrol is consumed
To employer
An agency may find that by offering the flexibility to work from home, they can hire back a retiree with the right specialized experience to do a job on a part-time, rather than full-time, basis.(2)
To employee
Higher morale
Improved job satisfaction
Less stress
Very convenient option for disabled people to work
Environmental impact
The state of California ran a pilot project to determine the impacts of home-based telecommuting on travel behaviour and personal vehicle emissions. The authors compared participants' travel behaviour before and after telecommuting, and found a 27% reduction in the number of personal vehicle trips, a 77% decrease in vehicle-miles-traveled (VMT), and 39% (4%) decreases in the number of cold (hot) engine starts. The authors determined that these decreases translated into emissions reductions of: 48% for total organic gases (TOG), 64% for carbon monoxide (CO), 69% for nitrogen oxides (NOx) and 78% for particulate matter (PM). (Koenig, Henderson and Mokhtarian)
Limitations
From Koenig, Henderson and Mokhtarian, the number of personal vehicle trips and VMT partitioned into commute-related and non-commute-related purposes revealed that non-commute personal vehicle trips increased by 0.5 trips per day on average, whereas the non-commute VMT decreased by 5.3 miles. This important finding supports the hypothesis that non-commute travel generation is a potential negative impact of telecommuting.
References
1. Koenig, Brett E., Dennis K. Henderson and Patricia L. Mokhtarian. "The Travel and Emissions Impacts of Telecommuting for the State of California Telecommuting Pilot Project." Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies 4.1 (1996): 13-32. Available on-line at: [[1]]
2. Polcastro, Mike. "Wages, benefits and tighter belts: agencies must not overlook the impact of pay and perks on their bottom line." Best's Review 110.8 (2009): 64. Academic OneFile. Web. 6 Feb. 2010. [[2]]
3. Shafizadeh (P.E.), Kevan R., et al. "Costs and Benefits of Home-Based Telecommuting: A Monte Carlo Simulation Model Incorporating Telecommuter, Employer and Public Sector Perspectives." Journal of Infrastructure Systems 13.1 (2007): 12-25.