Python can be used to communicate to the Arduino board and then develop a graphical front end. While python is a fairly common coding language and thus has a low barrier to entry, development of the User Interface is often the most challenging aspect to using Python.

UI in Python

Dash

Dash can be used to develop the front end to python programs controlling scientific equipment http://web.archive.org/web/20190603165910/https://www.dashdaq.io/+