{"id":141737,"key":"TissueDB/Simulators/Neonatal_Ventilation_Simulator_(Haynes)","title":"TissueDB/Simulators/Neonatal Ventilation Simulator (Haynes)","latest":{"id":1277456,"timestamp":"2026-09-27T08:47:34Z"},"content_model":"wikitext","license":{"url":"https://www.appropedia.org/Appropedia:Copyrights","title":"CC-BY-SA-4.0"},"source":"{{TissueDB Simulator Layout\n| lead_paragraph = The '''Neonatal Ventilation Simulator (Haynes)''' is a purchased commercial device: the NeoNatalie Live™ newborn manikin (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway).<ref name=\"haynes2021\">Haynes J, Bjorland P, Gomo Ø, Ushakova A, Rettedal S, Perlman J, Ersdal H. \"Novel Neonatal Simulator Provides High-Fidelity Ventilation Training Comparable to Real-Life Newborn Ventilation.\" ''Children'' (Basel) 2021;8(10):940. DOI [https://doi.org/10.3390/children8100940 10.3390/children8100940]. PMID [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34682205 34682205]. PMC PMC8535021. Licensed CC BY 4.0.</ref> It trains positive pressure ventilation (PPV) and face-mask ventilation of the non-breathing (apnoeic) newborn. It is a manufactured commercial device, not a build from locally available materials. There is no bill of materials and no fabrication recipe. An internal valve mechanism alters resistance to lung inflation. This simulates the changing lung compliance met during neonatal resuscitation. The manikin's heart rate responds to the quality of ventilation delivered.\n| procedure = Newborn positive pressure ventilation (PPV) and face-mask ventilation, as part of neonatal resuscitation.\n| alternative_names = NeoNatalie Live™ (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway) — the commercial product name.\n| features = In the training application the user selects one of four scenarios of increasing difficulty. The user then ventilates the manikin with a face mask. The manikin's heart rate responds to ventilation quality. A cry-sound signals successful resuscitation. The app reviews performance and gives targeted feedback. Head-tilt detection warns of upper-airway closure from poor positioning.\n| specialized_tools = NeoBeat™ dry-electrode heart-rate meter and the NeoNatalie Live training application, both from Laerdal Medical. Together they monitor heart rate and select and score the four training scenarios.\n| build_time = Commercial device — bought, not built.\n| build_time_cost = Not stated in source\n| dev_status = Haynes et al. (2021) evaluated the manikin for functional fidelity against real newborn ventilation and reported comparable performance; the study demonstrates face and functional validity only, not skill transfer or patient outcomes. A follow-up low-dose, high-frequency training study adds maintenance-of-competence evidence.<ref name=\"haynes2024\">Haynes JC, Rettedal SI, Ushakova A, Perlman JM, Ersdal HL (2024). \"How Much Training Is Enough? Low-Dose, High-Frequency Simulation Training and Maintenance of Competence in Neonatal Resuscitation.\" ''Simulation in Healthcare'' 19(6):341–349. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1097/SIH.0000000000000783 10.1097/SIH.0000000000000783]. PMID [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38445834/ 38445834].</ref> The paper states it received no specific external funding. Laerdal supplied the simulation equipment. Three authors hold Laerdal Foundation scholarships. A Laerdal Medical research-and-development scientist is a co-author.\n| version = Version 1\n| structural_parts_rows = <tr>\n<td>Newborn manikin (purchased unit)</td>\n<td>1</td>\n<td>Purchased manikin</td>\n<td>—</td>\n<td>The complete commercial newborn manikin (NeoNatalie Live, Laerdal Medical), purchased rather than fabricated. The source describes its functional components. These are a valve that alters lung-inflation resistance, an upper-airway air-pressure sensor, head-tilt detection, heart-rate electronics (NeoBeat) and Bluetooth logging. Haynes et al. verified the single study manikin leak-free internally before use. This let them attribute the measured leak to the face mask. The corresponding author supplies that internal calibration process.</td>\n</tr>\n| build_instructions = === Phase 1: Obtain the device ===\n\n# Purchase the NeoNatalie Live™ newborn manikin from the manufacturer (Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway). It is a complete commercial unit — there is no fabrication and no bill of materials.\n# Obtain the companion NeoBeat™ dry-electrode heart-rate meter and install the NeoNatalie Live training application (both Laerdal). Together they monitor heart rate and select and score the training scenarios.\n\n=== Phase 2: Set up and operate ===\n\n# Set up and calibrate the manikin per the manufacturer's instructions. Laerdal supplies the detailed setup. That study verified its single manikin leak-free internally before use.\n# Select one of the four scenarios (1–4) of increasing difficulty in the training application. Then deliver positive pressure ventilation with a face mask. The manikin's valve-controlled lung compliance, heart-rate response, airway-pressure sensor and head-tilt detection respond to ventilation quality. The cry-sound signals successful resuscitation.\n\n=== Not suitable for / known limitations ===\n\nThe source validation study notes two fidelity limitations of the manikin. Limitation 1: The transition between \"non-breathing\" and \"breathing adequately\" is abrupt on the manikin. Real newborns show a more gradual change. Limitation 2: In the most difficult scenario (4), the low lung compliance comes from a closed valve. The valve gives little tidal volume and no visible chest rise until it opens abruptly. The manikin combines that low compliance with a heart-rate rise and a ventilation duration. Both disconnect from the real clinical scenario in which such low compliance would occur. Positive end-expiratory pressure was also lower on the manikin than in real newborns.\n| references = <references />\n''Sources consulted for this page but not cited at a specific claim:''\n\n* Haynes J, Bjorland P, Gomo Ø, Ushakova A, Rettedal S, Perlman J, Ersdal H. \"Novel Neonatal Simulator Provides High-Fidelity Ventilation Training Comparable to Real-Life Newborn Ventilation.\" ''Children'' (Basel) 2021;8(10):940. DOI [https://doi.org/10.3390/children8100940 10.3390/children8100940]. PMID [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34682205 34682205]. PMC PMC8535021. Licensed CC BY 4.0.\n| dev_team_contact = Joanna Haynes (Stavanger University Hospital / University of Stavanger, Norway; correspondence joanna.claire.haynes@sus.no). Device manufacturer: Laerdal Medical, Stavanger, Norway. The study was funded by the Laerdal Foundation and co-author Øystein Gomo is a Laerdal Medical R&D scientist (conflict of interest).\n| tissues_rows = <tr>\n<td>[[TissueDB/Tissues/Lung|Lung]]</td>\n<td>1</td>\n<td>[[TissueDB/Materials/Doll or manikin|Purchased manikin]]</td>\n<td>—</td>\n<td>The manikin simulates changing neonatal lung compliance. An internal valve mechanism alters resistance to lung inflation across four difficulty scenarios. Head-tilt (poor positioning) can obstruct the upper airway. The simulating material is the purchased commercial manikin (NeoNatalie Live, Laerdal Medical), not a fabricated tissue analogue.</td>\n</tr>\n| hero_image = NeoNatalie Live neonatal ventilation manikin (Haynes 2021).png\n| hero_image_caption = The NeoNatalie Live™ newborn manikin being mask-ventilated, with the NeoBeat™ heart-rate meter on the torso. Image by Haynes et al. (2021), [https://doi.org/10.3390/children8100940 ''Children'' 8(10):940], CC BY 4.0.\n| hero_image_alt = A newborn resuscitation manikin on a draped table being ventilated with a face mask; a heart-rate meter on its chest shows 163.\n}}\n\n{{Page data\n| description = Commercially purchased newborn manikin (NeoNatalie Live, Laerdal Medical) for training positive pressure ventilation of the non-breathing newborn; functional fidelity validated by Haynes et al. 2021.\n| keywords = neonatal resuscitation, positive pressure ventilation, PPV, face-mask ventilation, newborn manikin, NeoNatalie Live, Laerdal, high-fidelity simulator, buy-not-make, TissueDB\n}}\n\n[[Category:TissueDB]]\n[[Category:TissueDB/Simulators]]"}