{"id":142555,"key":"TissueDB/Materials/Goat_or_lamb_hind_leg","title":"TissueDB/Materials/Goat or lamb hind leg","latest":{"id":1265076,"timestamp":"2026-09-04T13:59:46Z"},"content_model":"wikitext","license":{"url":"https://www.appropedia.org/Appropedia:Copyrights","title":"CC-BY-SA-4.0"},"source":"{{TissueDB Material Layout\n| lead_paragraph = A '''goat or lamb hind leg''' is a butcher's cut of animal limb used whole, partially defrosted, as the substrate of a bleeding-limb trainer. It is the one entry in TissueDB that is an actual limb rather than a stand-in for one, and it is used for two properties at once: the leg holds the two knife wounds the source describes, and the meat beneath can be tunnelled so that tubing delivering simulated blood is drawn through and left hidden. The source wraps the leg in cling film before either wound is made, and its own word for the substrate is \"the meat\"; it names no tissue layer. Malik and Chhapra (2021) built their hemorrhage-control model around one because commercially available manikins are often too expensive for institutes and organisations in lower- and middle-income countries, and they describe the items used as inexpensive and readily available. The paper lists the item only as \"1 x goat / lamb hind leg\", names no supplier, gives no dimensions and gives no per-item price; it states that the whole model cost less than US$50.<ref name=\"malik2021\" /> The leg is a wet biological specimen, and the trade-off that comes with it is recorded in the literature: Kumaresan et al. (2014) note that animal skin and waste meat can be obtained from butchers, but that acquisition and storage in a tropical climate may be difficult, and that microbial contamination and health risk have to be evaluated.<ref name=\"kumaresan2014\" />\n| synonyms_text =\n* Common names: Goat hind leg, lamb hind leg, mutton leg, animal hind leg\n* Forms recorded in the builds: whole hind leg, partially defrosted\n| tissues_rows = <tr>\n<td>[[TissueDB/Tissues/Skin|Skin]]</td>\n<td></td>\n<td></td>\n<td>[[TissueDB/Simulators/Hemorrhage Control Simulator (Malik)|Hemorrhage Control Simulator (Malik)]]</td>\n<td>The outer surface of the partially defrosted leg, which the source wraps in cling film before wounding. It receives the two stab wounds the source describes — one simple, one deeper or larger — and it is the surface a learner packs and compresses. The paper does not use the word skin. One leg per build; no per-item price is given and the whole model is costed at under US$50.<ref name=\"malik2021\" /></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[[TissueDB/Tissues/Connective Tissue|Soft tissue]]</td>\n<td></td>\n<td></td>\n<td>[[TissueDB/Simulators/Hemorrhage Control Simulator (Malik)|Hemorrhage Control Simulator (Malik)]]</td>\n<td>The bulk of the same leg, which the source calls \"the meat\". A tunneler from a tunneled dialysis-catheter set is passed through it to seat the [[TissueDB/Materials/IV Tubing|IV tubing]] proximal to each wound, so the tubing that delivers the simulated bleeding stays hidden inside the limb.<ref name=\"malik2021\" /></td>\n</tr>\n<tr>\n<td>[[TissueDB/Tissues/Limb|Limb]]</td>\n<td></td>\n<td></td>\n<td>[[TissueDB/Simulators/Hemorrhage Control Simulator (Malik)|Hemorrhage Control Simulator (Malik)]]</td>\n<td>The whole substrate of the build. Within [[TissueDB/Tissues/Limb|Limb]] it is recorded as the documented substitute for a commercial mannequin leg for bleeding control; the source teaches wound packing and manual compression, not tourniquet use.<ref name=\"malik2021\" /></td>\n</tr>\n| accessibility_notes = Obtained from a butcher rather than a clinical or laboratory supplier. Malik and Chhapra give no per-item price and no supplier, and cost the whole model at under US$50.<ref name=\"malik2021\" /> The binding constraints are handling rather than purchase: Kumaresan et al. record that acquisition and storage in a tropical climate may be difficult and that microbial contamination and health risk have to be evaluated.<ref name=\"kumaresan2014\" /> Where refrigeration, hygiene or biological-waste handling is the limiting factor, the synthetic limb options recorded on [[TissueDB/Tissues/Limb|Limb]] avoid it; where cost and vendor access are the limiting factor, the animal leg is the option the sources themselves put forward.\n| processing = The source specifies that the leg is '''partially''' defrosted before use, which is the only preparation step it states. The two wounds are then made with a knife and the tubing tunnelled proximal to each.<ref name=\"malik2021\" />\n| safety = A raw animal specimen. Handling, storage and disposal fall under local food-safety and biological-waste protocols; the sources state the risk in general terms and give no protocol of their own.<ref name=\"kumaresan2014\" />\n| description = Butcher's goat or lamb hind leg used whole and partially defrosted as the skin, soft-tissue and limb substrate of a low-cost bleeding-control trainer.\n| references =<references><ref name=\"malik2021\">Malik OAA, Chhapra R. ''An Inexpensive model to teach hemorrhage control in resource limited settings.'' Pak J Med Sci 2021;37(3):916–918. [https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.3.3517 doi:10.12669/pjms.37.3.3517]. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34104189/ PMID 34104189]. [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8155406/ PMC8155406]. Open Access CC BY 3.0.</ref><ref name=\"kumaresan2014\">Kumaresan R, Pendayala S, Srinivasan B, Kondreddy K. A simplified suturing model for preclinical training. ''Indian J Dent Res'' 2014;25(4):541–543. DOI [https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-9290.142577 10.4103/0970-9290.142577]. PMID [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25307925/ 25307925].</ref>\n</references>\n}}\n\n{{TissueDB synonym data\n| synonyms = goat hind leg, lamb hind leg, mutton leg, animal hind leg\n}}\n\n{{Page data}}\n\n[[Category:TissueDB]]"}