{"id":29198,"key":"Spectral_effects_on_amorphous_silicon_photovoltaic_cells_literature_review","title":"Spectral effects on amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells literature review","latest":{"id":1210797,"timestamp":"2025-11-28T12:29:10Z"},"content_model":"wikitext","license":{"url":"https://www.appropedia.org/Appropedia:Copyrights","title":"CC-BY-SA-4.0"},"source":"{{QAS notice}}\n\n{{MOST}}\n\nBack to Main Page: [[Effects of snow on photovoltaic performance]]\n\n== Spectral effects on amorphous PV cells ==\n\n* [[The effect of spectral albedo on amorphous silicon and crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic device performance]]\n* Rob W. Andrews and Joshua M. Pearce, [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2013.01.030 The effect of spectral albedo on amorphous silicon and crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic device performance], ''Solar Energy'', '''91''',233–241 (2013). DOI:10.1016/j.solener.2013.01.030 [http://www.academia.edu/3081684/The_effect_of_spectral_albedo_on_amorphous_silicon_and_crystalline_silicon_solar_photovoltaic_device_performance open access]\n** Theory of mismatch factor of terrestrial solar spectrum extended for surface albedo.\n** Effects of effective albedo on amorphous and crystalline silicon photovoltaics used.\n** New formulation for albedo spectral mismatch factor and spectral-weighted albedo.\n** Results help solar systems evaluation and systems design and geographic optimization.\n* [[Effects of spectral albedo on solar photovoltaic devices]]\n* M.P. Brennan, A.L. Abramase, R.W. Andrews, [[J. M. Pearce]], [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2014.01.046 Effects of spectral albedo on solar photovoltaic devices], ''Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells'', 124, pp. 111-116,(2014). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2014.01.046. [open access soon]\n** Spectral bias from ground albedo impacts optimal selection of photovoltaic materials.\n** Analyzed specular reflectivity of 22 commonly occurring surface materials.\n** Determined albedo effects on the performance of seven PV materials.\n** Investigated solar farms, commercial flat rooftops and residential pitched roofs.\n** Results enable PV selection for environments enabling geographic optimization.\n* -[http://web.archive.org/web/20180410055154/http://www.jeldev.org/6CHEGAAR.pdf Effect of atmospheric parameters on the silicon solar cells performance, M. Chegaar, P. Mialhe]\n\nSpectral effects simulated for Algeirs\n\neffects in short-circuit current due to turbidity, decrease of: 4.41%, 4.7%, 7.34% for mono multi and amorphous. Turbidity decreases UV radiation\n\nIncreasing water vapor leads to decrease of 4.57%,4.4%, o.2% for same\n\nEfficiency increase with air mass for crystalline, decrease for amorphous\n\n* - [1. Rüther R, Kleiss G, Reiche K. Spectral effects on amorphous silicon solar module fill factors. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 2002 Feb;71(3):375-385.]\n\namorphous silicon is more efficient in the summer\n\ncrystalline more efficient in winter\n\nA:Si matches very well with indoor illumination spectra, they are more efficient indoors\n\nSpectral mismatch factor: ratio between Isc rated and Isc extrapolated to 1000W/m2\n\nDoes not necessarily hold true for a:Si cells: \"However, in amorphous silicon solar cells, the proposition of the non-dependence of\nsðlÞ on the operating voltage does not hold. It is known that in p-i-n structures a typical\nblue-dispersion of the spectral response occurs for higher bias voltages [14]. Since the\nfield-driven transport is the dominant mechanism with respect to diffusion, and since\nthe electrical field is extended over practically the whole cell, the generation profile inside\nthe cell produces a feedback on the internal quantum efficiency. In a-Si cell modelling,\none takes advantage of this effect by application of the DICE method [12,15,16] to\nyield for a spatially resolved description of the field distribution inside the cell.\"\n\nFF is the ratio between Imp and Isc\n\nUsed a filtered pyranometer to find \"Red\" and \"Blue\" spectra\n\nPlots of FF vs Isc,shows much scatter in the central area of Isc.\n\nAttributed to the spectral effect, blue increasing FF, red to decrease it\n\nShows curves of spectral sensitivity as a function of irradiation\n\n* -[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6V51-3YN9DSN-3-1&_cdi=5773&_user=1025668&_pii=092702489400165O&_orig=search&_coverDate=01%2F31%2F1995&_sk=999639998&view=c&wchp=dGLzVzz-zSkzV&_valck=1&md5=6352c4cb62f92b56f082585b3b521aa4&ie=/sdarticle.pdf 1. Rüther R, Livingstone J. Seasonal variations in amorphous silicon solar module outputs and thin film characteristics. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 1995 Jan;36(1):29-43.]\n\nOutdoors testing of A:Si generally leads to better efficiency in summer, worse in winter\n\nAttributed to thermal annealing and seasonal spectral variations\n\nConclusion of this paper is that spectral effects are dominating\n\nfirst cells utilized indoors in calculators\n\npower efficiency from 71% in winter to 83% in summer\n\nbandgap from 360-780\n\nCrystal silicon is better in the winter\n\ntherefore, the seasonal variation is likely due to the seasonal changes in spectrum, not annealing. Does not really support this with numbers\n\n* -[http://journals1.scholarsportal.info/tmp/4434556972817655213.pdf R. Gottschalg, Experimental study of variations of the solar spectrum of relevance to thin film solar cells, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 79 (n.d.) 527-537.]\n\nuseful fraction can very in the range of +6 to -9% from annual average\n\nspectral mismatch factor: Fabero and Chenlo [7] and Merten [8] model the spectral mismatch with a spectral\nmismatch factor for the short circuit current of crystalline and amorphous silicon\n\nHirata and Tani [9], who\nused a pyranometer and 6 filters up to a maximum wavelength of 1200 nm and\ninvestigated the effect of the spectral changes on a-Si and c-Si devices.\n\nDifficult to quantify the effects on multijunction units because it will cause a mismatch in the series connects cells, leading to non-linear effects [13]\n\nspectral effects though air mass and cloud cover(clearness index)\n\nAnnual fluctuations in useful fractions ~10%\n\n* -[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6V50-3YYMR2M-5-1&_cdi=5772&_user=1025668&_pii=0038092X9500063W&_origin=search&_coverDate=12%2F31%2F1995&_sk=999449993&view=c&wchp=dGLzVtz-zSkWA&md5=8e9c63dda86c61aa482312ac2f1689c7&ie=/sdarticle.pdf Y. Hirata, T. Tani, Output variation of photovoltaic modules with environmental factors--I. The effect of spectral solar radiation on photovoltaic module output, Solar Energy. 55 (1995) 463-468.]\n\nPanels set at 35.5 degrees due south\n\nCalculated output based upon global irradiation\n\nCompared this to actual output: 20% variation in A:Si, derived a 3.7% increase in output over predicted\n\n* -[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6V51-3VHSGK2-S-T&_cdi=5773&_user=1025668&_pii=S0927024897002638&_origin=search&_coverDate=03%2F16%2F1998&_sk=999479998&view=c&wchp=dGLzVtb-zSkzk&md5=c65a7cb2bea451858c6ae34e169b85ab&ie=/sdarticle.pdf J. Merten, J. Andreu, Clear separation of seasonal effects on the performance of amorphous silicon solar modules by outdoor I/V-measurements, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 52 (1998) 11-25.]\n\nclearness index: H/H0/Hmax/Ho\n\nI-V Curve at 10 min intervals\n\nUse silver paste to T/C measurements\n\nSpectral effect is ~16% increase in summer\n\n* -[http://iopscience.iop.org/0957-0233/15/2/021 R. Gottschalg, T.R. Betts, D.G. Infield, M.J. Kearney, On the importance of considering the incident spectrum when measuring the outdoor performance of amorphous silicon photovoltaic devices, Meas. Sci. Technol. 15 (2004) 460-466.]\n\nThe fraction of the spectrum falling into spectrally useful ranges is 10% to -15%\n\nPrevious studies utilize clear sky models of irradiance for spectral distribution\n\n< 10W/m2 ignored\n\nUse a custom detector with spectral range 300-1700nm\n\nUseful fraction is defined as ratio of irradiation within useful range to total irradiation (300-780 nm)\n\nUF for 300-1700nm is 60.4%\n\n* -[http://www.stefankrauter.com/info/23rd_EU_PVSEC_Krauter_Preiss_et%20al.pdf S. Krauter,, PV YIELD PREDICTION FOR THIN FILM TECHNOLOGIES AND\n\nTHE EFFECT OF INPUT PARAMETERS INACCURACIES, (n.d.).]\nOutlines the errors in measurement for various PV technologies. Quantifies error due to albedo byt hrouwing out a number\n\nHas created a computer program to simulate the performance of an a:Si PV module, however up to 20% inaccuracy due to innacuracy of inputs.\n\nGood list of inputs for PV simulation\n\n* -[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6TW0-4J32J99-1-W&_cdi=5548&_user=1025668&_pii=S0040609005022832&_origin=gateway&_coverDate=07%2F26%2F2006&_sk=994889999&view=c&wchp=dGLbVzz-zSkzS&md5=5e10fed9927872aface127b9ddad2427&ie=/sdarticle.pdf R.P. Kenny, A. Ioannides, H. Müllejans, W. Zaaiman, E.D. Dunlop, Performance of thin film PV modules, Thin Solid Films. 511-512 (2006) 663-672.]\n\nOutdoors measurement of amorphous, crystalline and CIS modules\n\nUsing eppley spectroradiometer, 5 min scans up to 2500nm with integrating sphere\n\nAir pressure utilized to measure pressure corrected air mass\n\nUses an ESTI reference cell, divided in two sections, one shorted with a shunt resistor and one open circuit. Cell temperature derived from open circuit voltage\n\nTemperature coefficient for Voc\n\nContains equations for translating the Isc, Impp and Vmpp to STC, omitting curve correction factor\n\nShows mismatch factor for measurement of c-si, a-si and CIS with pyran and reference cell as reference. graphs show high mismatch factors for a-si when using both techniques. shows that using a pyranometer with MMF correction can remove spectral effects\n\nspectral mismatch factor, calculations included\n\nTests performed on days with <20% diffuse fraction therefore spectram mismatch was largely dependent upon AM\n\nVery comprehensive spectral evaluation resource\n\n== Spectral effects on c Si cells ==\n\n* -[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pip.973/pdf M. Simon, E.L. Meyer, The effects of spectral evaluation of c-Si modules, Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 19 (2011) 1-10.]\n* Defines Weighted Useful fraction\n\n== Spectral modelling and prediction ==\n\n=== Atmospheric turbidity ===\n\n=== Clouds ===\n\n=== Atmospheric modelling ===\n\n{{Page data\n| license = CC-BY-SA-3.0\n| description = Learn how light affects solar cell efficiency. Appropedia reviews how amorphous silicon cells respond to changing solar conditions.\n}}\n\n[[Category:Queens Applied Sustainability Group Literature Reviews]]\n[[Category:Rob Andrews Thesis]]\n[[Category:MOST literature reviews]]"}