{"id":110073,"key":"Snow_Losses_for_Photovoltaic_Systems:_Validating_the_Marion_and_Townsend_Models","title":"Snow Losses for Photovoltaic Systems: Validating the Marion and Townsend Models","latest":{"id":1273318,"timestamp":"2026-09-16T13:25:02Z"},"content_model":"wikitext","license":{"url":"https://www.appropedia.org/Appropedia:Copyrights","title":"CC-BY-SA-4.0"},"source":"{{FAST notice}}\n\n[[File:Snow-pv-imaging.png|thumb]]\n\n{{Publication data\n| type = Paper\n| cite-as = Christopher Baldus-Jeursen, Aliaksei L. Petsuik, Sophie-Anne Rheault, Sophie Pelland, Alexandre Côté, Yves Poissant, and Joshua M. Pearce. Validating Marion and Townsend Snow Shedding Models for Solar Photovoltaic Systems. ''IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics'', 13(4) pp. 610-620, 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOTOV.2023.3264644 [https://www.academia.edu/101705582/Validating_Marion_and_Townsend_Snow_Shedding_Models_for_Solar_Photovoltaic_Systems Academia open access]\n}}\n\nFor northern communities relying on solar photovoltaic (PV) systems to offset the cost of imported diesel fuel, there is an acute need to forecast energy losses due to snow. Two leading snow loss models, developed by Marion et al. and Townsend and Powers, are used widely in the PV industry. In order to test these models, this study compares modeled monthly and annual losses to a best-estimate reference based on PV power output and camera images from an array operating in Quebec, Canada. This study addresses two key areas: the development of an image-analysis algorithm to detect snow on a PV array and the validation of models estimating energy loss. For the PV array in this work, Townsend and Powers is a closer approximation of real annual energy losses than the Marion et al. model. However, to provide communities and PV system developers with accurate snow loss predictions, more work needs to be done to improve these models using arrays at different latitudes. The image analysis algorithm used in this work is 90% accurate in identifying snow. This leads to a difference of about 0.2% points in annual snow loss estimates when using the image analysis algorithm instead of visually inspected photos.\n\n* All data and free and open-source software used in the study can be acquired from https://osf.io/jrxqy/ under the GNU General Public License (GPL) 3.0.\n\n{{Pearce publications notice}}\n\n== See also ==\n\n* [[The Impact of Snow Losses on Solar Photovoltaic Systems in North America in the Future]]\n* [[Monofacial vs bifacial solar photovoltaic systems in snowy environments]]\n* [[A new method to determine the effects of hydrodynamic surface coatings on the snow shedding effectiveness of solar photovoltaic modules]]\n* [[Impact of Snow and Ground Interference on Photovoltaic Electric System Performance]]\n* [[Prediction of energy effects on photovoltaic systems due to snowfall events]]\n* [[Open Solar Outdoors Test Field]]\n* [[Outdoor data acquisition]]\n* [[Queen's Innovation Park Test Site]]\n* [[Solar resource measurement for PV applications]]\n* [[Performance of Bifacial Photovoltaic Modules on a Dual-Axis Tracker in a High-Latitude, High-Albedo Environment]]\n* [[Differences in Snow Shedding in Photovoltaic Systems with Framed and Frameless Modules]]\n* [[Image Analysis Method for Quantifying Snow Losses on PV Systems]]\n* [[A Review of the Effects of Haze on Solar Photovoltaic Performance]]\n\n \n\n{{FAST-CV}}\n\n{{Page data\n| title-tag = Snow Losses for Photovoltaic Systems: Validation\n| part-of = FAST Completed\n| keywords = photovoltaics, Design optimization, Snow, Northern environments, array performance, Marion model, photovoltaic systems, snow detection, snow losses, Townsend and Powers\nmodel\n| sdg = SDG07 Affordable and clean energy, SDG09 Industry innovation and infrastructure\n| published = 2023\n| organizations = Free Appropriate Sustainable Technology, Western\n| license = CC-BY-SA-4.0\n| language = en\n| authors = Christopher Baldus-Jeursen, Aliaksei L. Petsuik, Sophie-Anne Rheault, Sophie Pelland, Alexandre Côté, Yves Poissant ,Christopher Baldus-Jeursen, Aliaksei L. Petsuik, Sophie-Anne Rheault, Sophie Pelland, Alexandre Côté, Yves Poissant, User:J.M.Pearce\n| description = See how snow affects solar PV output using image analysis. Appropedia explains findings that improve system planning.\n}}\n\n{{Solar footer}}\n\n[[Category:Canada]]\n[[Category:FAST Completed]]\n[[Category:Photovoltaics]]"}