{"id":27838,"key":"Panarchy","title":"Panarchy","latest":{"id":1207560,"timestamp":"2025-11-27T22:27:49Z"},"content_model":"wikitext","license":{"url":"https://www.appropedia.org/Appropedia:Copyrights","title":"CC-BY-SA-4.0"},"source":"\"What makes political systems cross over the threshold into parameter transformations? Some breakpoints occur when a technological development enables individuals to engage in previously unimagined activities and collectivities to pursue previously inconceivable policy goals... a turning point that occurs when the resources or practices of a system can no longer cope with one more increment of change and its parameters give way under the cumulative load.\"<ref>James N. Rosenau, Turbulence in World Politics : A Theory of Change and Continuity (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1990), 83.</ref>\n\nIn times of great transformation, civilization finds itself in T.S.Eliot's Wasteland.<ref>T. S. Eliot, The Wasteland ([Monterrey,: Ediciones Sierra Madre, 1960).</ref> Old rules become increasingly useless and do not result in the same successful outcomes as they did in the past, but a new Kuhnian paradigm has yet to emerge from the chaos of turbulent times.<ref>Thomas S. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 3rd ed. (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1996).</ref> The discovery of a new path lies in the process of recognizing and illuminating patterns in the vectors that are operating in the transforming civilization.<ref>It must be noted that many of the following concepts were first articulated and brilliantly handled in Rosenau, Turbulence in World Politics : A Theory of Change and Continuity.</ref>\n\nLeveraging the benefits of network organization constitutes a new source of power and a new way of accomplishing global governance. As individuals and groups engage each other globally, the locus of global governance shifts from state-centered activities to distributed networks. The cumulative effect of the shift from hierarchies to networks is a system of overlapping spheres of authority and regimes of collective action called \"panarchy.\"<ref>An earlier draft of this paper appeared as Paul B. Hartzog, \"21st Century Governance as a Complex Adaptive System,\" in Proceedings Pista 2004, ed. Jose V. Carrasquero, et al., Informatics and Society (Orlando: International Institute of Informatics and Systemics, 2004).</ref>\n\n'''Complexity + Networks + Connectivity => Panarchy'''\n\n== Notes and references ==\n\n<references />\n\n== External links ==\n\n* [[Wikipedia:Panarchy]]\n* [http://struggle.ws/hist_texts/structurelessness.html The Tyranny of Structurelessness] by Jo Freeman (1970)\n\n{{Page data\n| license = CC-BY-SA-3.0\n}}\n\n[[Category:Communities]]\n[[Category:Governance]]"}