{"id":101039,"key":"Kamusi_la_nishati_hai/T_-_W","title":"Kamusi la nishati hai/T - W","latest":{"id":1228474,"timestamp":"2026-01-27T19:19:44Z"},"content_model":"wikitext","license":{"url":"https://www.appropedia.org/Appropedia:Copyrights","title":"CC-BY-SA-4.0"},"source":"== T ==\n\n''' TABOR SURFACE '''\n\n(sol). A black nickel [[#SELECTIVE SURFACE|SELECTIVE SURFACE]] coating that typically absorbs 90 percent of the incoming [[#SOLAR RADIATION|SOLAR RADIATION]] but which radiates only about 10 percent as much radiation as would be emitted by a coat of [[#FLAT BLACK PAINT|FLAT BLACK PAINT]].\n:F - surface de tabor\n:S - superficie tabor\n\n''' TAIL '''\n\n(wind). A flat piece of sheet metal that is attached to the extension of the [[#WINDSHAFT|WINDSHAFT]] of a [[#WINDMILL|WINDMILL]]. The plane of the tail is normally perpendicular to the wind so the tail may intercept changes in wind direction and turn the [[#ROTOR|ROTOR]] around to face the wind. (Syn: vane)\n:F - empennage\n:S - punta del aspa\n\n''' TAIL POLE '''\n\n(wind) (arc). The projecting [[#SPAR|SPAR]] used to turn a [[#WINDMILL|WINDMILL]] that is not equipped with automatic [[#WINDING|WINDING]] gear.\n:F - barre de queue\n:S - saliente del aspa\n\n''' TAILRACE '''\n\n(hydr). The discharging [[#CHANNEL|CHANNEL]] of a [[#HYDROPOWER|HYDROPOWER]] system. It is that section of a [[#RACE|RACE]] that is downstream of a hydropower device.\n:F - bief d'aval\n:S - canal de descarga\n\n''' TAILWATER '''\n\n(hydr). Water passing back into a discharging [[#CHANNEL|CHANNEL]] after being applied to a [[#HYDROPOWER|HYDROPOWER]] device.\n:F - eau d'aval\n:S - agua de descarga\n\n''' TAILWATER LEVEL '''\n\n(hydr) (meas). The depth of the [[#TAILWATER|TAILWATER]] as measured at a reference point on its surface.\n:F - niveau de l'eau d'aval\n:S - nivel de la descarga\n\n''' TAILWINDED '''\n\n(wind). The condition when a [[#WINDMILL|WINDMILL]] is caught by a sudden change in wind direction, which exerts pressure on the wrong side of the [[#SAIL|SAIL]] assembly.\n:F - a vent arriere\n:S - con viento de cola\n\n''' THERMAL '''\n\n(gen). Having to do with the use or production of heat. Also any reaction caused by heat.\n:F - thermique\n:S - termico\n\n''' THERMAL ADMITTANCE '''\n\n(heat) (meas). The total amount of [[#BTU|BTU]]s that a square foot (929 square centimenters) of a surface will admit in one hour.\n:F - admittance thermique\n:S - admision termica\n\n''' THERMAL COLLECTOR '''\n\n(sol). (See: [[#COLLECTOR|COLLECTOR]])\n:F - capteur thermique\n:S - colector termico\n\n''' THERMAL CONDUCTANCE '''\n\n(heat) (meas). The amount of heat that will pass through a given amount of material in a given amount of time, and with a unit temperature difference maintained between the surfaces of the material under uniform and steady conditions.\n:F - conductance thermique\n:S - termoconductancia\n\n''' THERMAL CONDUCTION '''\n\n(heat). Heat transfer by direct contact from one substance to another of a lower temperature.\n:F - transmission de chaleur\n:S - termotransmision\n\n''' THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY '''\n\n(heat) (meas). The ability of a material to conduct heat. It is commonly measured in units of [[#THERMAL CONDUCTANCE|THERMAL CONDUCTANCE]].\n:F - conductivite thermique\n:S - termoconductibilidad\n\n''' THERMAL EFFICIENCY '''\n\n(heat) (meas). A percentage that indicates the available heat that is converted to useful purposes. Thermal efficiency is used to evaluate wood-conserving stoves and numerous other devices.\n:F - rendement thermique\n:S - termorendimiento\n\n''' THERMAL ENERGY '''\n\n(heat). [[#ENERGY|ENERGY]] from heat.\n:F - energie thermique\n:S - termoenergia\n\n''' THERMAL LAG '''\n\n(meas). The time required for the temperature of an area to reach that of an adjacent area, either by heating or cooling. For example, the time required for indoor air temperature to reach the cooler outside air temperature when there is no additional heat added to the house; or the time required for the inside surface of a [[#TROMBE WALL|TROMBE WALL]] to reach the temperature of the outside surface, which is exposed to the sun.\n:F - retard thermique\n:S - retardo termico\n\n''' THERMAL MASS '''\n\n(gen). Material or mass of sufficient size and density to store heat. Thermal mass walls are often used in buildings that use [[#PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING|PASSIVE SOLAR HEATING]] techniques and [[#NIGHT SKY RADIATION|NIGHT SKY RADIATION]]. (See also: [[#TROMBE WALL|TROMBE WALL]])\n:F - masse thermique\n:S - masa termica\n\n''' THERMAL POWER '''\n\n(gen). Any type of [[#ENERGY|ENERGY]] generated or developed through the use of [[#HEAT ENERGY|HEAT ENERGY]].\n:F - puissance thermique\n:S - termopotencia\n\n''' THERMAL WINDS '''\n\n(wind). Winds that are caused by the heating of the ground by [[#SOLAR RADIATION|SOLAR RADIATION]].\n:F - vents thermiques\n:S - vientos termicos\n\n''' THERMOCOUPLE '''\n\n(meas) (impl). A device used to measure temperature. It is based on the principle that an electrical current is produced when two dissimilar wires are joined together and the junction is heated. Thermocouples are often used to measure temperatures at different levels in [[#BIOGAS DIGESTERS|BIOGAS DIGESTERS]], [[#WOOD STOVES|WOOD STOVES]], [[#KILNS|KILNS]], or other devices where use of a conventional thermometer would be difficult.\n:F - thermocouple\n:S - termopar\n\n''' THERMOPHILLIC BACTERIA '''\n\n(biocon). [[#BACTERIA|BACTERIA]] that grow best in a temperature range between 122-131 [degrees] F (50-55 [degrees] C).\n:F - bacteries thermophiles\n:S - bacteria termofilica\n\n''' THERMOSYPHON '''\n\n(sol). [[#CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM|A CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM]] in which water automatically circulates between a [[#SOLAR COLLECTOR|SOLAR COLLECTOR]] and a water storage tank above it. A solar collector based on the [[#THERMOSYPHON PRINCIPLE|THERMOSYPHON PRINCIPLE]] uses the natural difference in density between the warmer and cooler portions of a liquid.\n:F - thermosiphon\n:S - termosifon\n\n''' THERMOSYPHON CIRCULATION '''\n\n(sol). (See: [[#THERMOSYPHON PRINCIPLE|THERMOSYPHON PRINCIPLE]])\n:F - circulation de thermosiphon\n:S - circulacion por termosifon\n\n''' THERMOSYPHON EFFECT '''\n\n(sol). (See: [[#THERMOSYPHON|THERMOSYPHON]])\n:F - effet thermosiphon\n:S - efecto de termosifon\n\n''' THERMOSYPHON PRINCIPLE '''\n\n(gen) (sol). The tendency of heated liquids to rise. In a [[#SOLAR WATER HEATER|SOLAR WATER HEATER]], this principle is used to lift water from a [[#SOLAR COLLECTOR|SOLAR COLLECTOR]] to a storage tank above it without the use of a pump.\n:F - principe du thermosiphon\n:S - principio de termosifon\n\n''' THIN STILLAGE '''\n\n(biocon). The water soluble fraction of [[#FERMENTED MASH|FERMENTED MASH]] plus the mash water.\n:F - residu dilue de distillation\n:S - residuos liquidos\n\n''' TIDAL ENERGY '''\n\n(ocean). The [[#KINETIC ENERGY|KINETIC ENERGY]] existing in the tides by virtue of the moving mass of water.\n:F - energie des marees\n:S - energia mareal\n\n''' TIDAL POWER '''\n\n(ocean). Mechanical [[#POWER|POWER]] generated by the rise and fall of ocean tides, which may be converted into electricity.\n:F - puissance maremotrice\n:S - fuerza mareal\n\n''' TILT ANGLE '''\n\n(sol). The angle at which a [[#SOLAR COLLECTOR|SOLAR COLLECTOR]] is tilted upward from the horizon for maximum solar exposure and maximum heat collection.\n:F - angle d'inclination\n:S - angulo de inclinacion\n\n''' TIME LAG '''\n\n(sol) (meas). (See: [[#THERMAL LAG|THERMAL LAG]])\n:F - retard\n:S - tiempo de retardo\n\n''' TIP SPEED ''\n\n(wind) (meas). The speed of the outer end or tip of a [[#BLADE|BLADE]] of a [[#WINDMILL ROTOR|WINDMILL ROTOR]]. This speed may be faster than the rotation rate of the [[#WIND SHAFT|WIND SHAFT]], and may be faster or slower than the actual [[#WIND SPEED|WIND SPEED]].\n:F - vitesse peripherique\n:S - velocidad de giro de las aspas\n\n''' TIP SPEED RATIO '''\n\n(wind) (meas). The quotient of the [[#TIP SPEED|TIP SPEED]] and the actual [[#WIND SPEED|WIND SPEED]].\n:F - quotient de vitesse peripherique\n:S - relacion de las velocidades de giro\n\n''' TORQUE '''\n\n(gen). Any force that acts to produce rotation. The measured ability of a rotating part, such as a gear or shaft.\n:F - couple\n:S - par\n\n''' TOTAL ENERGY HOUSE '''\n\n(gen). A house that is heated, cooled, and receives its cooking and lighting [[#POWER|POWER]], completely from [[#ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES|ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES]].\n:F - maison a energie integrale\n:S - casa energetica total\n\n''' TOTAL SOLIDS '''\n\n(biocon) (meas). The proportion in weight of solids in a sample of [[#SLURRY|SLURRY]] or other [[#EFFLUENT|EFFLUENT]] (e.g. [[#MASH|MASH]]).\n:F - fraction solide\n:S - solidos totales\n\n''' TOWER '''\n\n(wind). The main supporting structure of a [[#WIND MACHINE|WIND MACHINE]]. Towers are usually made of wood or steel, and are suitably braced to withstand the stress to which they are subjected.\n:F - pylone\n:S - torre\n\n''' TOWER MILL '''\n\n(wind) (arc). [[#WINDMILL|A WINDMILL]] made of masonry or brickwork, and usually fitted with a [[#REVOLVING CAP|REVOLVING CAP]].\n:F - eolienne sur pylone\n:S - molino de torre\n\n''' TOXIN '''\n\n(bio) (biocon). A material that inhibits the growth and metabolism of or kills micro-organisms, often by interfering with the normal chemical or biochemical processes. A toxin may cause a [[#BIOGAS DIGESTER|BIOGAS DIGESTER]] to stop producing gas.\n:F - toxine\n:S - toxina\n\n''' TRACKED PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY '''\n\n(sol). [[#PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY|A PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY]] that follows the path of the sun across the sky.\n:F - dispositif photovoltaique a poursuite solaire\n:S - conjunto fotovoltaico de seguimiento\n\n''' TRACKING '''\n\n(sol). Referring to adjustments that cause a [[#SOLAR COOKER|SOLAR COOKER]] or a [[#SOLAR COLLECTOR|SOLAR COLLECTOR]] to \"track\" or follow the sun's path across the sky. Tracking is done either automatically or manually.\n:F - poursuite du soleil\n:S - seguimiento\n\n''' TRACKING CONTROL '''\n\n(sol) (impl). (See: [[#AUTOMATIC TRACKING|AUTOMATIC TRACKING]])\n:F - controle de la poursuite\n:S - control del seguimiento\n\n''' TRAILING EDGE '''\n\n(wind). The edge of a [[#WINDMILL BLADE|WINDMILL BLADE]] that lies on the side opposite the direction of rotation.\n:F - arete arriere\n:S - borde posterior\n\n''' TRANSDUCER '''\n\n(gen). A device that converts [[#ENERGY|ENERGY]] from one form into another (e.g., [[#PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL|PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL]]).\n:F - transducteur\n:S - transductor\n\n''' TRANSFER MEDIUM ''\n\n(sol). A substance that carries heat From a [[#SOLAR COLLECTOR|SOLAR COLLECTOR]] to a storage area or from a storage area to be warmed in a collector. Transfer mediums are usually either air, water, or antifreeze solutions.\n:F - agent de transfert\n:S - medio de transferencia\n\n''' TRANSMITTANCE '''\n\n(sol) (meas). The ratio of the [[#RADIANT ENERGY|RADIANT ENERGY]] transmitted through a substance to the total radiant energy falling on its surface. Transmittance is always affected by the thickness and composition of the substance, as well as by the [[#INCIDENT ANGLE|INCIDENT ANGLE]].\n:F - facteur de transmission\n:S - transmision\n\n''' TRASH RACK '''\n\n(hydr). A protective \"screen\" made of vertical bars that catches leaves, grass, and debris, keeping clear the intake of a [[#HYDROPOWER|HYDROPOWER]] device.\n:F - grille pare-bois\n:S - parrilla colectora\n\n'''' TREADLE MECHANISM '''\n\n(gen). (See: [[#TREADLE POWER|TREADLE POWER]])\n:F - mecanisme a pedale\n:S - mecanismo de pedal\n\n''' TREADLE POWER '''\n\n(gen). A use of foot [[#POWER|POWER]] in which an up-and-down motion of the foot on a pedal produces a rotating motion on a machine.\n:F - puissance de pedale\n:S - energia producida por pedal\n\n''' TREATED EFFLUENT '''\n\n(biocon). Discharge from a [[#BIOGAS DIGESTER|BIOGAS DIGESTER]] that has been rendered harmless by reducing the number of [[#PATHOGENS|PATHOGENS]] in it. The treatment often consists of either drying or [[#COMPOSTING|COMPOSTING]] the [[#EFFLUENT|EFFLUENT]].\n:F - effluent traite\n:S - efluente tratado\n\n''' TROMBE WALL '''\n\n(constr) (heat) (sol). A masonry wall located directly inside windows that face the equator. The wall functions simultaneously as a structural element of the building and as a [[#SOLAR COLLECTOR|SOLAR COLLECTOR]] and [[#HEAT STORAGE|HEAT STORAGE]] unit. (See also: [[#THERMAL MASS|THERMAL MASS]])\n:F - mur de trombe\n:S - pared de trombe\n\n''' TRUNION '''\n\n(impl) (wind). A pin or pivot that is mounted on [[#BEARINGS|BEARINGS]] to rotate or turn something. It usually is used as a [[#WINDMILL|WINDMILL]] component. (See also: [[#TURNTABLE|TURNTABLE]])\n:F - tourillon\n:S - munon\n\n''' TUBE-IN-PLATE ABSORBER '''\n\n(sol). A metal [[#ABSORBER PLATE|ABSORBER PLATE]] with passages through which [[#HEAT TRANSFER FLUID|HEAT TRANSFER FLUID]] flows.\n:F - absorbeur a tubes internes\n:S - absorbedor con placa de tubos\n\n''' TUBE-TYPE COLLECTOR '''\n\n(sol). [[#COLLECTOR|A COLLECTOR]] in which the [[#TRANSFER MEDIUM FLOWS|TRANSFER MEDIUM FLOWS]] through metal tubes fastened to an [[#ABSORBER PLATE|ABSORBER PLATE]].\n:F - capteur a tubes solidaires\n:S - colector con tubos\n\n''' TURBINE '''\n\n(gen). A device that converts the [[#ENERGY|ENERGY]] in a stream of [[#FLUID|FLUID]] into mechanical energy. By passing the stream through a system of fixed and/or moving [[#BLADES|BLADES]], a drive shaft is rotated.\n:F - turbine\n:S - turbina\n\n''' TURBINE WHEEL '''\n\n(hydr). The part of a [[#WATER TURBINE|WATER TURBINE]] that is attached to a drive shaft, and which holds the [[#BLADES|BLADES]] or [[#CUPS|CUPS]] that cause the wheel to rotate when struck by a stream of steam or water. The wheel rotates the shaft to produce mechanical or electrical [[#POWER|POWER]]. (Syn: [[#RUNNER|RUNNER]])\n:F - roue de turbine\n:S - rueda turbina\n\n''' TURBULENCE '''\n\n(wind). Irregular motion and [[#GUSTS|GUSTS]] in the [[#WIND SPEED|WIND SPEED]]. (See also: [[#MECHANICAL TURBULENCE|MECHANICAL TURBULENCE]])\n:F - turbulence\n:S - turbulencia\n\n''' TURGO IMPULSE TURBINE '''\n\n(hydr). An improved version of the [[#PELTON WHEEL|PELTON WHEEL]] in which the [[#JET|JET]] is set at an angle to the face of the [[#RUNNER|RUNNER]]. Water strikes the front of the [[#BUCKETS|BUCKETS]] and discharges at the opposite side.\n:F - turbine a impulsion turgo\n:S - turbina de impulsion turgo\n\n''' TURNAROUND EFFICIENCY '''\n\n(gen) (meas). The resulting [[#EFFICIENCY|EFFICIENCY]] when [[#ENERGY|ENERGY]] is converted from one form to another and then changed back again into its original form or state.\n:F - rendement aller-retour\n:S - eficiencia resultante\n\n''' TURNTABLE '''\n\n(wind). A rotating platform on which the [[#ROTOR|ROTOR]], [[#ROTOR SHAFT|ROTOR SHAFT]], and [[#TAIL|TAIL]] of a [[#WINDMILL|WINDMILL]] may move to orient the [[#BLADES|BLADES]] or [[#SAILS|SAILS]] into the wind.\n:F - plaque tournante\n:S - plataforma giratoria\n\n== U ==\n\n''' ULTRA-VIOLET RADIATION '''\n\n(sol). Electromagnetic [[#RADIATION|RADIATION]], usually from the sun, that consists of wavelengths that are shorter than the violet end of the visible spectrum.\n:F - rayons ultra-violet\n:S - radiacion ultravioleta\n\n''' UNDERSHOT WATER WHEEL '''\n\n(hydr). [[#WATER WHEEL|A WATER WHEEL]] driven by water that strikes the underside of the wheel.\n:F - roue en dessous\n:S - rueda hidraulica de admision inferior\n\n''' UNDIGESTED SOLIDS '''\n\n(biocon). Heterogenous [[#BIOMASS|BIOMASS]], contained in either the [[#SLURRY|SLURRY]] or [[#EFFLUENT|EFFLUENT]], which has not [[#DECOMPOSED|DECOMPOSED]] in a [[#BIOGAS DIGESTER|BIOGAS DIGESTER]].\n:F - solides non-digeres\n:S - solidos sin digerir\n\n''' UNGLAZED COLLECTOR '''\n\n(sol). [[#COLLECTOR|A COLLECTOR]] without a cover.\n:F - capteur non-vitre\n:S - colector no vidriado\n\n''' UPDRAFT '''\n\n(prod) (gen). [1] Referring to a [[#PRODUCER GAS GENERATOR|PRODUCER GAS GENERATOR]] in which the air-gas mixture flows upward to the engine. [2] Any cooking or heating device (e.g., a [[#KILN|KILN]]) in which air for [[#CONVECTION|CONVECTION]] or combustion flows upward through the device.\n:F - tirage vers le haut\n:S - corriente aerea ascendente\n\n''' UPLONG '''\n\n(wind) (arc). A longitudinal bar in the [[#BACKSTAY|BACKSTAY]] of a [[#SAIL|SAIL]].\n:F - barre longitudinale\n:S - varilla longitudinal\n\n''' UPWIND '''\n\n(wind). [1] On the same side as the direction from which the wind is blowing (i.e. , in the path of the oncoming wind). [2] A type of [[#WINDMILL|WINDMILL]] in which the [[#ROTOR|ROTOR]] remains between the oncoming wind and the [[#TOWER|TOWER]].\n:F - vent de proue\n:S - viento contrario\n\n''' USED OIL '''\n\n(heat). Automotive or other lubrication oil, which is \"used up\" or no longer useful for its original purpose. If mixed with water at a ratio of five to one, and then dripped onto a heated metal sheet, used oil will burst into flames. This makes it useful as a fuel. (Syn: waste oil)\n:F - huile epuisee\n:S - aceite usado\n\n''' USEFUL ENERGY GAIN '''\n\n(sol). The [[#ENERGY|ENERGY]] absorbed by a [[#SOLAR COLLECTOR|SOLAR COLLECTOR]] that is not lost to the surrounding atmosphere and which may be used for space or water heating.\n:F - gain energetique utile\n:S - ganancia de energia util\n\n''' USEFUL SOLAR HEAT '''\n\n(sol). Heat delivered by a [[#SOLAR COLLECTOR|SOLAR COLLECTOR]] that can be applied for cooking, heating, or other purposes.\n:F - chaleur solaire utile\n:S - calor solar util\n\n''' USEFUL WATER CAPACITY '''\n\n(hydr) (meas). The volume of water that a reservoir can hold and usefully exploit, and which lies between the lowest and highest levels normally contained in the reservoir.\n:F - capacite utile en eau\n:S - capacidad aprovechable de agua\n\n''' U-VALUE '''\n\n(heat) (meas). The amount of heat that [[#FLOWS|FLOWS]] in or out of a substance under constant conditions, in one hour, when there is a one degree difference in temperature between the air inside and outside the building. U-value is the inverse of [[#RESISTANCE-VALUE|RESISTANCE-VALUE]].\n:F - valeur U\n:S - valor U\n\n== V ==\n\n''' VACUUM DISTILLATION '''\n\n(gen). [[#DISTILLATION|DISTILLATION]] under reduced pressure. This lowers the boiling point of the distilled material so that it will not crack or decompose.\n:F - distillation sous vide\n:S - vacuodestilacion\n\n''' VALVE ASSEMBLY '''\n\n(gen). The assembled parts of a valve.\n:F - garniture de soupape\n:S - montaje de valvula\n\n''' VANE]] [1] '''\n\n(hydr) (See: [[#GUIDE VANE|GUIDE VANE]]); [2] (wind) (See: [[#TAIL|TAIL]])\n:F - aube\n:S - aspa\n\n''' VAPOR LOCK '''\n\n(auto). A blockage in a fuel line that is caused when the fuel vaporizes.\n:F - tampon de vapeur\n:S - obstruccion por vapor\n\n''' VAPOR PRESSURE '''\n\n(chem) (meas). The pressure of a vapor while in contact with its solid or liquid form. This is also referred to as saturated vapor pressure. The pressure rises with any increase in temperature.\n:F - tension de vapeur\n:S - presion del vapor\n\n''' VERTICAL-AXIS WATER WHEEL '''\n\n(hydr). [[#WATER WHEEL|A WATER WHEEL]] that drives a vertical axis instead of the more common horizontal axis\n:F - roue hydraulique a axe vertical\n:S - rueda hidraulica de eje vertical\n\n''' VERTICAL-AXIS WIND MACHINE '''\n\n(wind). [[#WIND MACHINE|A WIND MACHINE]] in which the [[#WINDSHAFT|WINDSHAFT]] is on a vertical axis. This type of device may accept wind from any direction. (See also: [[#DARRIEUS ROTOR|DARRIEUS ROTOR]]; [[#SAVONIUS ROTOR|SAVONIUS ROTOR]])\n:F - eolienne axe vertical\n:S - generador eolico de eje vertical\n\n''' VIOLET CELL '''\n\n(sol). A type of [[#SILICON SOLAR CELL|SILICON SOLAR CELL]] that is more effective than conventional [[#PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS|PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS]] in converting sunlight to electricity from the violet and [[#ULTRA-VIOLET|ULTRA-VIOLET]] range of the light spectrum.\n:F - cellule violette\n:S - celula violeta\n\n''' VISCOSITY '''\n\n(chem). The resistance to [[#FLOW|FLOW]] or change of shape due to molecular cohesion and internal friction in [[#FLUIDS|FLUIDS]]. Viscosity varies inversely with temperature.\n:F - viscosite\n:S - viscosidad\n\n''' VOLATILE '''\n\n(gen) (refrig). [1] Easily burned, unstable, or explosive. [2] Liquids that are readily evaporated at a relatively low temperature.\n:F - volatile\n:S - volatil\n\n''' VOLATILE ACIDS '''\n\n(biocon). Fatty [[#ACIDS|ACIDS]] of a low molecular weight. These acids are very [[#SOLUBLE|SOLUBLE]].\n:F - acides volatiles\n:S - acidos volatiles\n\n== W ==\n\n''' WASTE CONVERSION TO ENERGY '''\n\n(biocon). (See: [[#BIOCONVERSION|BIOCONVERSION]])\n:F - conversion des dechets en energie\n:S - conversion energetica de desperdicios\n\n''' WASTE HEAT '''\n\n(heat). Heat that is left after useful [[#ENERGY|ENERGY]] generation.\n:F - chaleur perdue [1]\n:S - calor perdido\n\n''' WATER-AIR HEAT EXCHANGER '''\n\n(heat). [[#HEAT EXCHANGER|A HEAT EXCHANGER]] in which [[#FLUIDS|FLUIDS]] may either be heated or cooled by water or air.\n:F - echangeur de chaleur eau/air\n:S - termopermutador de agua-aire\n\n''' WATER BED '''\n\n(sol). Shallow plastic bags that are filled with water and placed on roofs of homes or buildings. In cooler climates, the bags collect [[#SOLAR ENERGY|SOLAR ENERGY]] during the day, and radiate heat to the building during the day and radiate this heat to the sky at night, thus cooling the building. In warmer climates, panels are placed over the bags during the day and removed at night so the bags can draw off heat from the building and keep it cool.\n:F - lit d'eau\n:S - lecho de agua\n\n''' WATER CHUTE '''\n\n(hydr). A steep [[#CHANNEL|CHANNEL]] by which water descends in force. Water chutes are used to create or increase the [[#HEAD|HEAD]] for a [[#HYDROPOWER|HYDROPOWER]] system.\n:F - chute d'eau\n:S - caida de agua\n\n''' WATER HYACINTHS '''\n\n(biocon). A type of water plant with a high carbon content, which makes it very useful as [[#FEEDSTOCK|FEEDSTOCK]] for [[#BIOGAS|BIOGAS]] production.\n:F - eichornia\n:S - jacinto de agua\n\n''' WATER JACKET '''\n\n(auto) (prod). A casing or compartment containing water that is placed around all or part of a device to keep it cool, as around the cylinders or cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.\n:F - chemise a eau\n:S - envuelta de agua\n\n''' WATER MILL '''\n\n(hydr). [[#MILL|A MILL]] driven by a [[#WATER WHEEL|WATER WHEEL]].\n:F - moulin hydraulique\n:S - molino hidraulico\n\n''' WATERPOWER '''\n\n(hydr). The [[#ENERGY|ENERGY]] in water as derived from its weight or momentum, and which may be used to drive machinery, generate electricity, or for other purposes. (Syn: [[#HYDROPOWER|HYDROPOWER]])\n:F - energie hydraulique\n:S - energia hidraulica\n\n''' WATER PUMPING WINDMILLS '''\n\n(wind). (See: [[#WIND-POWERED PUMP|WIND-POWERED PUMP]])\n:F - eoliennes de pompage\n:S - molinos de viento con bombas hidraulicas\n\n''' WATER SEAL '''\n\n(biocon). The part of a [[#GASHOLDER|GASHOLDER]] designed to prevent the [[#METHANE|METHANE]] from mixing with air and becoming potentially explosive. It generally is created by submerging a portion of the holder in water.\n:F - joint hydraulique\n:S - junta hidraulica\n\n''' WATERSHED '''\n\n(hydr). [1] the divide or crestline dividing two drainage areas. [2] The area draining into a river, stream etc.\n:F - [1] ligne de partage des eaux; [2] bassin hydrographique\n:S - divisoria de aguas\n\n''' WATER TURBINE '''\n\n(hydr). A device that converts the [[#ENERGY|ENERGY]] of falling water into rotating mechanical energy. Water turbines are usually smaller than [[#WATER WHEELS|WATER WHEELS]] and operate at the higher speeds required to generate electricity.\n:F - turbine hydraulique\n:S - turbina hidraulica\n\n''' WATER WHEEL '''\n\n(hydr). A wheel with [[#BUCKETS|BUCKETS]] or [[#BLADES|BLADES]] that allow it to be turned by the weight or velocity of falling water or by water moving underneath it.\n:F - roue hydraulique\n:S - rueda hidraulica\n\n''' WATT '''\n\n(elec) (meas). The unit rate at which work is done in an electrical circuit. One watt equals one [[#JOULE|JOULE]] of work per second.\n:F - watt\n:S - vatio\n\n''' WAVE POWER '''\n\n(ocean). The production of electricity by harnessing ocean wave movements through the use of specialized [[#TURBINES|TURBINES]] or other devices.\n:F - energie des vagues\n:S - energia de las olas\n\n''' WEATHERED SAILS '''\n\n(wind) (arc). [[#SAILS|SAILS]] with variable pitch from the inner to the outer edge.\n:F - ailes a airage\n:S - velas inclinadas\n\n''' WEATHER STRIPPING '''\n\n(gen). Narrow strips of rubber, felt, metal or other material that are used to conserve [[#ENERGY|ENERGY]] by preventing air [[#INFILTRATION|INFILTRATION]] around doors or windows.\n:F - bourrelets d'etancheite\n:S - moldura\n\n''' W.E.C.S. or [[WECS '''\n\n(wind). (See: [[#WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM|WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM]])\n:F - S.C.E.E. ou [[#SCEE]]]]\n\n{{Page data\n| authors = User:Kili\n}}"}