{"id":31889,"key":"Electric_Jeepney","title":"Electric Jeepney","latest":{"id":1265787,"timestamp":"2026-09-09T12:39:45Z"},"content_model":"wikitext","license":{"url":"https://www.appropedia.org/Appropedia:Copyrights","title":"CC-BY-SA-4.0"},"source":"[[File:Rap Rios Jeepney.jpg|thumb|An E-Jeepney cruises down Ayala Avenue in Makati City, Philippines. Photo by Rap Rios/ Greenpeace]]\n\n{{Project data\n| type = Transport\n| location = Manila, Philippines\n| coordinates = 14° 35' 41.61\" N, 120° 58' 41.74\" E\n}}\n\nThe Electric Jeepney (E-Jeepney) is a recent development in the Philippines that provides a sustainable, clean form of public transportation.\n\n== History ==\n\nAs the U.S. withdrew from the Philippines after World War II, a large number of jeeps were sold or given to Filipinos. WWI and II destroyed the country's public transportation system and soon, Filipinos began to modify jeeps into a sort of minibus to accommodate more passengers and shelter them with a roof.\n\nToday, the Jeepney is a symbol of Filipino [http://web.archive.org/web/20100213095521/http://hubpages.com/hub/Electric_Jeepney_The_New_King_of_the_Road_Wow_Philippines pop culture]. They are often painted in bright, flamboyant colors and feature lights, loud horns and large, ornate hood ornaments. The government began to regulate Jeepney transportation once it established itself as a functional, inexpensive way of public transportation.<ref>Wikipedia: Jeepney [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeepney http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeepney]</ref>\n\n== Development ==\n\n[[File:Ejeepney luis liwanag.jpg|thumb|An E-Jeepney drives next to an older, regular Jeepney. Photo by Luis Liwanag/ Greenpeace.]]\n\nJeepney evolution can be broken down into different generations. Second generation Jeepneys have air conditioning, refurbished engines and more space for passengers. They are known for being noisy, garish and pollutant.\n\t\nThird generation Jeepneys have better air conditioning systems, newly assembled engines and closely resemble minibuses. They also tend to be more economical and environmental.\n\t\nJeepneys fueled by liquid petroleum gas (LPG) were the first of these vehicles to switch over to cleaner energy. LPG Jeepneys are rare, however their emissions are much lower than those of earlier generations.\n\nA 16-passenger jeepney uses the same amount of fuel as a 54-passenger bus. Jeepneys have proven to be [http://web.archive.org/web/20120415155005/http://www.ejeepney.org:80/home/video-gallery/blog uneconomical] as well as dangerous to the environemnt and public health because of the large amount of smog that they produce. That and rising gas prices led to the development of the E-Jeepney, or electronic Jeepney, a project largely funded by Green Peace International and Green Independent Power Producers, Inc ([http://electricitygovernance.wri.org/node/137 GRIPP]). An E-Jeepney can run for 120 to 140 kilometers on a single charge at an average speed of 40 kilometers per hour<ref>The Inquirer http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/metro/view/20070704-74800/Electric_jeepney_rolls_out_in_Makati</ref>\n\nIt is the first public transportation system of its kind in south-east Asia.<ref>Greenpeace International\nhttp://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/news/features/filipino-jeepney-green-energy-050707/</ref>\n\nE-Jeepney developers have tightened control on graphic design and paint jobs to ensure that the art will represent the lives of the average Filipino, using national symbols and imagery to keep the feeling of this new technology relevant to the people it serves.\n\nThe E-Jeepney's batteries recharge using power from biodegradable waste. Many of the body parts are made locally, however the engine is imported.<ref name=\"Earth Times\">http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/news/216052,electric-minibuses-start-commercial-operations-in-philippines.html</ref>\n\nCompared with traditional jeepney, E-jeepney is more cost-effective; has 87% lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions; does not produce smog; reduces air pollution and its associated health effects; and is more preferred by the majority of the riding public due to its safety, environment-friendly, and comfortable ride.<ref>Agaton, C. B., Collera, A. A., & Guno, C. S. (2020). Socio-Economic and Environmental Analyses of Sustainable Public Transport in the Philippines. ''Sustainability'', ''12''(11), 4720. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114720</ref>\n\n== Implementation ==\n\n[[File:Jeepney chart.jpg|thumb|/GRIPP]]\n\nCurrent riders can use E-Jeepneys on select routes through Manila for free under the Climate Friendly Cities program by the Institute for Climate and Sustainable Cities. This program uses three approaches to the E-Jeepneys to help keep transportation sustainable:\n\n* A fleet of E-Jeepneys, each with a capacity of 12 passengers;\n* A depot serves as charging station\n* A power plant consisting of a generator, an anaerobic digester or biodigester that processes organic waste and turns it into a form of usable energy<ref>EJeepney http://web.archive.org/web/20120616103258/http://www.ejeepney.org:80/home/climate-friendly-cities/climate-friendly-cities</ref>\n\nCurrent plans call for a fleet of 50 [https://cnn.com/video/?/video/international/2010/12/07/electric.jeepney.philippines.cnn E-Jeepneys] to cruise the streets of Manila and its incorporated cities. Local officials and international organizations like Green Peace leave open the possibility of a larger number of E-Jeepneys in the future.\n\nMakati City, outside of the capital city Manila, has emerged as a hub of Jeepney development and testing. E-jeepneys will continue to roll out in other urban centers like Baguio, Puerto Princesa and Bacolod.<ref name=\"Earth Times\" /> City government in Makati City will draft a new transportation master plan to address traffic and pollution. The plan will include an increased number of E-Jeepneys on new routes.<ref>Business World http://www.bworldonline.com/content.php?title=Transportation%20master%20plan%20to%20overhaul%20Makati%20routes&id=25666</ref>\n\n== References ==\n\n<references />\n\n{{Page data\n| license = CC-BY-SA-3.0\n| part-of = JMC330 International Mass Communication\n| keywords = transport, Renewable energy, Biofuels, Electric vehicles\n}}\n\n[[Category:Transport]]\n[[Category:Renewable energy]]\n[[Category:Biofuels]]"}