date-created: '2020-08-11'
date-updated: '2026-05-31'
manifest-author:
    name: Appropedia
    email: admin@appropedia.org
title: 'Partially RepRapable Automated Open Source Bag Valve Mask-based Ventilator'
description: 'This study describes the development of a simple and easy-to-build portable automated bag valve mask (BVM) compression system, which, during acute shortages and supply chain disruptions can serve as a temporary emergency ventilator. The resuscitation system is based on the Arduino controller with a real-time operating system installed on a largely RepRap 3-D printable parametric component-based structure. The cost of the materials for the system is under $170, which makes it affordable for replication by makers around the world. The device provides a controlled breathing mode with tidal volumes from 100 to 800 milliliters, breathing rates from 5 to 40 breaths/minute, and inspiratory-to-expiratory ratio from 1:1 to 1:4. The system is designed for reliability and scalability of measurement circuits through the use of the serial peripheral interface and has the ability to connect additional hardware due to the object-oriented algorithmic approach.'
keywords:
    - 'open hardware'
    - COVID-19
    - RepRap
    - '3d printing'
    - 'additive manufacturing'
    - 'medical hardware'
    - 'open source medical hardware'
    - ventilator
    - pandemic
    - ventilation
    - 'influenza pandemic'
    - coronavirus
    - 'coronavirus pandemic'
    - 'pandemic ventilator'
    - single-limb
    - 'open source'
    - 'embedded systems'
    - 'real-time operating system'
    - health
    - 'medical devices'
project-link: 'https://www.appropedia.org/Partially_RepRapable_Automated_Open_Source_Bag_Valve_Mask-based_Ventilator'
contact:
    name: 'User:J.M.Pearce'
    social:
        platform: Appropedia
        user-handle: 'User:J.M.Pearce'
version: 32
development-stage: Designed
made: false
image: 'https://www.appropedia.org/w/images/thumb/c/c7/Osvent2.png/1280px-Osvent2.png'
license:
    documentation: CC-BY-SA-4.0
licensor:
    name: 'User:J.M.Pearce'
    affliation: 'Category:MOST'
    contact: 'https://www.appropedia.org/User:J.M.Pearce'
documentation-home: 'https://www.appropedia.org/Partially_RepRapable_Automated_Open_Source_Bag_Valve_Mask-based_Ventilator'
documentation-language: en