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[[File:FINALPROJECT.jpeg]]{{Template:ENGR215inprogress|CHANGE THIS TO THE DATE OF FINALS WEEK}}
 
 
[[Image:FinalDesign ZaneGrounds Triangle.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Figure 1 : Final Design of Triangle]]


==Abstract==
==Abstract==
The goal of this project is to design and create designated concrete stepping stone pathways to replace a preexisting rectangle shaped area filled with mulch in front of the school for the students at Zane Middle School in Eureka, California. Pathways will incorporate school spirit and education value by having falconhead imprints on each concrete square that makes up the path.  
The goal of this project is to design and create designated concrete stepping stone pathways to replace a preexisting rectangle shaped area filled with mulch in front of the school for the students at Zane Middle School in Eureka, California. Pathways will incorporate school spirit and educational value by having falconhead imprints on each concrete square that makes up the path. The falconhead imprints are interlocking in an MC Escher style. The stepping stones incorporated are grey and red ones which will be placed in an alternating fashion. Most will be made, but the red and a few grey will be bought in order to speed the process.
 
There should be an image near the top. (image will be added when final design is complete)
There should be an image near the top. (image will be added when final design is complete)


== Background ==
== Background ==
This project is carried out by the group, The Green Dream Team under the supervision of instructor Lonny Grafman in the 2017 Spring semester of the Engineering 215 Introduction to Design course at Humboldt State University in Arcata, California. The administrator of this project is Trevor Hammons, whom is the Counseling Services Director at Zane Middle School. An organized aesthetically pleasing walkway system through the rectangular area is what Trevor wishes to be fulfilled. The falcon heads will be created in an MC escher style, which is the interlocking of one image within itself in an ongoing pattern. A pathway that contains easy accessibility and school inspired design produces a safe and positive learning environment while the students are walking to class.  
This project is carried out by the group, The Green Dream Team under the supervision of instructor Lonny Grafman in the 2017 Spring semester of the Engineering 215 Introduction to Design course at Humboldt State University in Arcata, California. The client is Zane Middle School and the client representative of this project is Trevor Hammons, whom is the Counseling Services Director at Zane Middle School. The two designated areas The Green Dream Team worked with are directly in front of the school. Prior to the implementation of the pathways, these two sections were bare and just had a bunch of mulch and a few plants that had no order to them. By putting in a pathway that contains easy accessibility and school inspired design, produces a safe and positive learning environment while the students are walking to class.  


== Problem statement and criteria ==
== Problem statement and criteria ==
The objective of this project is to provide a piece of land that will be used to improve the aesthetic value of the school. In order to do so, native plants, pathways, and benches will be placed. Not only would this help beautify the school but also act as a pick up area for the children. This area is expected to last for a long period of time so there should be an ease of navigation and be maintainable.   
The objective of this project is to provide a piece of land that will be used to improve the aesthetic value of the school. In order to do so, tessellated falcon head stepping stones and blank red stepping stones will create pathways placed through the triangular and rectangular sections. Not only would this help beautify the school but also solve the problem of tracking mud into classrooms. This area is expected to last for a long period of time so there should be an ease of navigation and be maintainable.   


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
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The tessellating concrete paths at Zane Middle school are placed in solely the rectangular site location. The triangular portion of the groundwork features a pathway of alternating red and white tiles to form a checkered pattern. Spaces have been left around the tiles for the placement of grass seed in order to secure the tiles. Smaller pieces of pavers are located at the edge of either end of the path. Three Cala lilies are contained within the triangular segment.  
The tessellating concrete paths at Zane Middle school are placed in solely the rectangular site location. The triangular portion of the groundwork features a pathway of alternating red and white tiles to form a checkered pattern. Spaces have been left around the tiles for the placement of grass seed in order to secure the tiles. Smaller pieces of pavers are located at the edge of either end of the path. Three Cala lilies are contained within the triangular segment.  


 
[[Image:CheckeredTriangularPath.jpg|800px|thumb|center|Figure : Final Design]]
[CheckeredTriangularPath.jpg
|800px|thumb|center|Figure : Triangular Section]]


=== Costs ===
=== Costs ===
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|align="right"| 19.9
|align="right"| 19.9
|-class="sortbottom"
|-class="sortbottom"
|-  
|-class="sortbottom"
|colspan="4" align="right" | '''Total Cost'''  
|colspan="4" align="right" | '''Total Cost'''  
|align="right"| '''88.60'''  
|align="right"| '''88.60'''  
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==Testing Results==
==Testing Results==
Tests will be - (i) stepping stones: (a) adhesion to mud, (b) do they pass the kid lift test?, © general aesthetics  (ii) layout: (a) general aesthetics, (b) Z’s or N’s?
Testing results were obtained in two ways: (i) prototyping within the Engineering department at Humboldt State University and (ii) human interactions at Catherine L. Zane Middle School. Prototyping was successful. The concrete molds were functional, the mixes worked, and the stamp was successful. At Zane middle school it was determined that the students enjoyed the grounds work project. One of the children was reportedly played hopscotch on the checkered stepping stone design.
 
==How to build==
==How to build==
{{How to
{{How to
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{{How to
{{How to
  |title=How to create an imprinted stepping stone to form a pathway
  |title=How to create an imprinted stepping stone to form a pathway
  |File:PLACEHOLDER.jpg |falconhead design for stepping stone|1 |Create a design.
  |File:Tessellation_Trace_Final_Tessellated.jpg|falconhead design for stepping stone|1 |Create a design.
  |File:PLACEHOLDER.jpg |Aleiha's parabolic solar cooker |2 |Make a stamp from it.
  |File:FalconHeadStamp.JPG| |2 |Make a stamp from the individual shape that makes the tessellation.
|File:PLACEHOLDER.jpg |Backpack frame bike trailer |3 |Make a mould that will be the size of the stepping stone wanted
|File:FalconHeadStone.JPG| |3 |Make a mould that will be the size of the stepping stone wanted


}}
}}


== Troubleshooting ==
== Troubleshooting ==
-Stepping stone cracks: Replace stepping stone
This is only how to troubleshoot for basic operation problems. Most solutions can be found by conducting internet research however brief possibilities are listed here.


-Residue and rocks get into design: sweep out remains in order to provide traction
{| class="wikitable"


==Discussion and next steps==
|-
Temporary: Following the final implementation of the design will be the analyzing of how it has affected the school. Seeing how the design on the stepping stones is included is learning activities and the success of those lessons will determine how well they impacted the school. Lastly, the way that the students use the pathways to diminish traffic will be seen to reflect on how it works.
== Suggestions for future changes ==
This section will be filled in once knowing how the final product is used by the students and how it could be better with changes
(This is where to lay out suggestions for how to make the project function better in the future. )


==References==
!Problem


Schnelle, Michael A. “Greenhouse Floors and Benches.” Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service, <pods.dasnr.okstate.edu/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-1287/HLA-6703web.pdf> (Feb. 19, 2017).
!Solution 


“Why Concrete?” MIT Concrete Sustainability Hub, https://cshub.mit.edu/why-concrete> (Feb. 18, 2017).
|-


“The Use of Solid Waste Materials as Fine Aggregate Substitutes in Cementitious Concrete Composites,” Center for Transportation Research and Education, <www.ctre.iastate.edu/PUBS/semisesq/session2/shehata/index.htm> (Feb. 19, 2017).
|Stepping stone cracks


Danks, Sharon Gamson (2010). Asphalt to Ecosystems: Design Ideas for Schoolyard Transformation. New Village Press. Oakland, California.
| Replace stepping stone
|-


“Integrated Materials and Construction Practices for Concrete Pavement: A State-of-the-Practice
| Residue and rocks get into design
Manual.” (2007). U.S. Department of Transportation – Federal Highway Administration, <https://localroads.wisc.edu/sites/default/files/imcp_manual_october2007.pdf> (Feb. 19, 2017).


Ostrovsky, Nick. “Greenhouse Benches.” <depts.washington.edu/propplnt/Chapters/Greenhouse_benches.htm> (Feb. 19, 2017).
| sweep out remains in order to provide traction


“Laurel Tree Charter School three scoops three benches,” Appropedia, last modified October 28, 2014. <www.appropedia.org/LaurelTree_Charter_School_three_scoops_three_flavors_benches>
|-
(Feb. 20, 2017).


"Aggregates." Aggregates. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2017.


"Chapter 4 Permeability." Developments in Petroleum Science Integrated Flow Modeling (2000): 41-56. Web.


Designing Circulation Areas. Gütersloh: Birkhäuser Verlag GmbH, 2013. Web.
|}


Guidance on the Permeable Surfacing of Front Gardens. Wetherby: Dept. for Communities and Local Government, 2008. Web.
==Discussion and next steps==
 
Temporary: Following the final implementation of the design will be the analyzing of how it has affected the school. Seeing how the design on the stepping stones is included is learning activities and the success of those lessons will determine how well they impacted the school. Lastly, the way that the students use the pathways to diminish traffic will be seen to reflect on how it works.
"Guide for Maintaining Pedestrian Facilities for Enhanced Safety Research Report - Safety | Federal Highway Administration." Guide for Maintaining Pedestrian Facilities for Enhanced Safety Research Report - Safety | Federal Highway Administration. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2017.
== Suggestions for future changes ==
 
This section will be filled in once knowing how the final product is used by the students and how it could be better with changes
In 2006 And 2007, The Division Of Water Qual-, Ity, North Carolina Department Of Environment, Implemented And Natural Resources (Ncdenr), and Design Guidance And A Design Requirement That. Permeable Pavement: Research Update and Design Implications (n.d.): n. pag. Web.
(This is where to lay out suggestions for how to make the project function better in the future. )
 
   
"Permeable Pavement Parking Lot." Office of Campus Sustainability. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2017.
 
Quality, Department Of Ecology Water. Article: Permeable Pavements - Reduce Runoff Thru Pervious Layers (n.d.): n. pag. Web.
 
"Table 3.3 Angel Capital Statistics from CVR." (n.d.): n. pag. Web.
 
"Zane Middle School Native Memorial Garden." Zane Middle School Native Memorial Garden - Appropedia: The Sustainability Wiki. N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Feb. 2017.
 
Permeable Pavements. Reston: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015.
 
Kim, Yail, Adel Gaddafi, and Isamu Yoshitake. "Permeable Concrete Mixed with Various Admixtures." Materials & Design, 100 (2016): 110-119.
 
Arms, Karen. “Environmental Gardening”. Halfmoon Publishing. 1992. Print.
 
Brady, Nyle. “The Nature and Properties of Soils”. Macmillian Publishing Company, New York.
1990. Print.
 
Charles E. Carraher Jr., John P.Droske
Journal of Chemical Education2006 83 (10), 1428
Concrete : Design, Construction, Examples. Basel : Munich: BirkhaÌuser ; Edition Detail, 2006.
 
Haiken, Melanie. “Basic Lawn Care Tips”. Hgtv.com. 2017. Web.
 
Hansen, Beth. “Mulch and Soil Fertility”. Rodalesorganiclife.com. 26 August 2013. Web. 20
February 2017.
 
Iannotti, Marie. “Mulch - What Is It and Which Mulch Should You Use Where?”.
Thespruce.com. 19 January 2017. Web. 20 February 2017.
 
Kaiser, Laura. “Low Maintenance Lawn Alternatives: Ground Cover”. Houselogic.com. 2017.
Web.
 
“Lawn Alternatives”. Eartheasy.com. 2014. Web.
http://eartheasy.com/grow_lawn_alternatives.htm
 
Pratt, Chris. “Environmental Gardening”. eagantigua.org. The Environmental Awareness Group
of Antigua and Barbuda. 28 November 2010. Web. 20 February 2017.
 
“Soil pH”. Cropnutrition.com. 2016. Web. http://www.cropnutrition.com/efu-soil-ph
 
“What’s the ideal fertilizer ratio for turfgrass?”. Turf.unl.edu. University of Nebraska. 2012.
http://turf.unl.edu/turfinfo/Ideal%20Fertilizer%20Ratio.pdf


{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


[[Category:Engr215 Introduction to Design]]
[[Category:Engr215 Introduction to Design]]
[[Category:Projects]]
[[Category:Zane Middle School]]
[[Category:Construction]]

Revision as of 04:19, 21 December 2017


Figure 1 : Final Design of Triangle

Abstract

The goal of this project is to design and create designated concrete stepping stone pathways to replace a preexisting rectangle shaped area filled with mulch in front of the school for the students at Zane Middle School in Eureka, California. Pathways will incorporate school spirit and educational value by having falconhead imprints on each concrete square that makes up the path. The falconhead imprints are interlocking in an MC Escher style. The stepping stones incorporated are grey and red ones which will be placed in an alternating fashion. Most will be made, but the red and a few grey will be bought in order to speed the process.

There should be an image near the top. (image will be added when final design is complete)

Background

This project is carried out by the group, The Green Dream Team under the supervision of instructor Lonny Grafman in the 2017 Spring semester of the Engineering 215 Introduction to Design course at Humboldt State University in Arcata, California. The client is Zane Middle School and the client representative of this project is Trevor Hammons, whom is the Counseling Services Director at Zane Middle School. The two designated areas The Green Dream Team worked with are directly in front of the school. Prior to the implementation of the pathways, these two sections were bare and just had a bunch of mulch and a few plants that had no order to them. By putting in a pathway that contains easy accessibility and school inspired design, produces a safe and positive learning environment while the students are walking to class.

Problem statement and criteria

The objective of this project is to provide a piece of land that will be used to improve the aesthetic value of the school. In order to do so, tessellated falcon head stepping stones and blank red stepping stones will create pathways placed through the triangular and rectangular sections. Not only would this help beautify the school but also solve the problem of tracking mud into classrooms. This area is expected to last for a long period of time so there should be an ease of navigation and be maintainable.

Criteria Weight (#)
Ease of Navigation 10
Aesthetics 9
Safety 8
Durability 8
Ease of Maintenance 7
Level of Sustainability 3
Inspiration 2
Education 2

Description of final project

The tessellating concrete paths at Zane Middle school are placed in solely the rectangular site location. The triangular portion of the groundwork features a pathway of alternating red and white tiles to form a checkered pattern. Spaces have been left around the tiles for the placement of grass seed in order to secure the tiles. Smaller pieces of pavers are located at the edge of either end of the path. Three Cala lilies are contained within the triangular segment.

Figure : Final Design

Costs

Quantity Material Source Cost ($) Total ($)
1 Bender Board The Mill Yard 20.00 20.00
1 Quikrete The Mill yard 5.00 5.00
1 Quikrete Portland Cement The Mill yard 12.95 12.95
1 Quikrete All Purpose Sand The Mill yard 7.95 7.95
1 Cala Lily Costco 6.95 6.95
2 Plastic Bucket The Mill yard 5.95 5.95
1 Wooden Spoon ACE 2.95 2.95
10 Red Concrete Pavers Mill Farms 1.99 19.9
Total Cost 88.60

Testing Results

Testing results were obtained in two ways: (i) prototyping within the Engineering department at Humboldt State University and (ii) human interactions at Catherine L. Zane Middle School. Prototyping was successful. The concrete molds were functional, the mixes worked, and the stamp was successful. At Zane middle school it was determined that the students enjoyed the grounds work project. One of the children was reportedly played hopscotch on the checkered stepping stone design.

How to build

File: Katelyn ruler1.jpg
Stepping Stone Construction

Maintenance

The groundworks project requires very little maintenance due to the permanent stability of the concrete stepping stones.



Instructions

File:Tessellation_Trace_Final_Tessellated.jpg
How to create an imprinted stepping stone to form a pathway

Troubleshooting

This is only how to troubleshoot for basic operation problems. Most solutions can be found by conducting internet research however brief possibilities are listed here.

Problem Solution
Stepping stone cracks Replace stepping stone
Residue and rocks get into design sweep out remains in order to provide traction

Discussion and next steps

Temporary: Following the final implementation of the design will be the analyzing of how it has affected the school. Seeing how the design on the stepping stones is included is learning activities and the success of those lessons will determine how well they impacted the school. Lastly, the way that the students use the pathways to diminish traffic will be seen to reflect on how it works.

Suggestions for future changes

This section will be filled in once knowing how the final product is used by the students and how it could be better with changes (This is where to lay out suggestions for how to make the project function better in the future. )


Template:Reflist

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