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Abstract

Fig 1: Unsatisfactory path at Catherine Zane Middle School.

Team^2's goal was to design and install a permeable foot path at Catherine Zane Middle School.

Background

The team’s goal was to redesign and recreate a previously installed path in the Peace Garden at Catherine Zane Middle School. Not only did it fail to meet the school's criteria for quality, it also failed to meet the criteria for a permeable pathway.

Team^2!

Problem statement and criteria

In the Peace Garden a previous engineering team had incorrectly installed a permeable concrete pathway which was no longer permeable, produced a lot of loose aggregate on the top of the path which degraded throughout campus and resulting in a lowered and not level pathway.

Criteria Weight (1-10)
Durability 10
Permeability 10
Functionality 8
Maintenance 7
Cost 6
Educational Value 5

Description of final project

Images coming soon!

Prototyping

Prototype Porous concrete block.

Permeable Concrete is made from a mix of, ideally, equal sized round aggregates and Portland cement. typical mixtures are usually a 3:1 ratio of 3 part 3/8" pea gravel aggregate to one part Portland cement. We decided to test both permeability and viability as product of this ratio by testing it against a 4:1 ratio of aggregate to cement and a 2:1 ratio of aggregate to cement. We poured samples of each ratio into a one foot square mold to the depth of three inches.

Prototype permeability testing set up.

Costs

Materials Source Quantity Unit Retail Price per unit ($) Total Retail ($) Expenses ($)
3/8" Washed Pea Gravel Mercer-Fraser 2 Cubic Yard 60.00 120.00 Donated
3/8" Washed Pea Gravel Hensell Materials 2 5 gallon bucket 4.00 4.50 Donated
Weed Cloth Zane Middle School 1.2 100 feet 68.99 68.99 Donated
Mixing Wheelbarrow Larry Nichols/Zane 2   150.00 300.00 Donated
5 Gal. Bucket Julian Sicaud 4 4.99 4.99 Donated
1 Foot Wooden Stakes Zane Middle School 1 100 Stakes 17.50 17.50 Donated
Bender Board Zane Middle School 6 20 Feet 19.99 120.00 Donated
Fill Dirt Zane Middle School 2 Cubic Yard 7.99 15.99 Donated
Portland Cement Piersons Hardware 5 97 lb bag 16.99 84.95 Donated
Tarp Julian Sicaud 2 15.99 31.98 Donated
Shovel Julian Sicaud 2 23.86 23.86 Donated
Portland Cement Hensell Materials 1 47 lb bag 6.07 6.77 6.77
Portland Cement Shafer's Hardware 1 47 lb bag 9.99 10.84 10.84
Line Level Piersons Hardware 1 3.69 4.00 4.00
Shovel Piersons Hardware 1  21.99 23.86 23.86
Garden Hoe Shafers Hardware 2 16.99 16.99 16.99
Hose Valve Key Shafers Hardware 1  1.79 1.79 1.79
#9 x 2-1/2"  Deck Screws Hensel's Hardware 1 50 screws 9.78 9.78 9.78
Wood Almquist 14 Feet 1.09 16.44 16.44
1" x 4" pine Piersons Hardware 30 Feet 0.69 20.42 20.42
Wheel barrow Tube Miller Farms 2 9.64 19.28 19.28
Caulking Gun Harbor Freight Tools 1  2.99 2.99 2.99
Silicone caulk Harbor Freight Tools 2 Tube 3.99 7.98 7.98
Balloons Dollar Tree 5 Bag of 25 1.00 5.43 5.43
Caution Tape Shafers Hardware 1 Roll 7.59 7.59 7.59
Gloves Harbor Freight Tools 5 pair 7.99 7.99 7.99
Push Broom Shafers Hardware 1 7.99 7.99 7.99
Plastic Sheeting Piersons Hardware 1 9 x 400 Feet 24.99 27.11 27.11
TOTAL 990.01 197.25

Testing Results

We ran three tests of permeability on each prototype ratio. To test our prototype slabs we built a box of wood around the slab and siliconed the inside corners. After this we filled the wooden box holding our prototype slabs with two water balloons filled with approximately 2 gallons of water. We then popped both of the balloons at the same time and timed how long it took for the water to permeate through the path. The table below contains the results of our tests.

Trials 2:1 ratio 3:1 ratio 4:1 ratio
Trial 1 7.08 sec. 5.14 sec. 3.59 sec.
Trial 2 6.72 sec. 5.13 sec. 3.42 sec.
Trial 3 7.03 sec. 5.13 sec. 3.49 sec.
File:Permeablepath18_Sledgehammer_1.jpg
How to Install a Permeable Concrete Pathway

Maintenance

This type of permeable walkway only needs to be maintained about twice a year. The most effective way to maintain this path is to power wash it two times a year. This ensures that small objects will not clog the holes in the path way.

Instructions

This is how to maintain. The step by step how to template {{How to}} is most likely best for this part.

File:Bpack bike trailer - demo 1.jpg
How to Do Something

Troubleshooting

This is only how to troubleshoot basic operation. For complex issues, the solution might just say contact ________. It should be a table in this format:

Problem Suggestion
Example issue Example solution or suggestion
Does not turn on Make sure it is plugged in
Another issue Et cetera

Discussion and next steps

Suggestions for future changes

This is where to lay out suggestions for how to make the project function better in the future.


References

See Help:Footnotes for more. Template:Reflist

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