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Tsetse fly management (Practical Action Brief)
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== Importance of disease control strategies in drought management == [[Livestock]] production is a more dependable livelihood option for [[rural communities]] in arid and semi-arid areas. Livestock have the ability to withstand effects of adverse climatic occurrences, especially droughts and, therefore provide both food and income security. Nevertheless, disease often constrain successful livestock production in drought stress. <br> The animals, which are under nutritional as well as physical stress (resulting from movement over long distances in search of water and pasture), succumb easily to diseases in times of severe drought. Disease management must be an integral part of a drought management strategy in order to help vulnerable communities of pastoralists and agro-pastoralists become more resilient to the frequently recurring drought shocks. The level and nature of disease management interventions is influenced by local or rangeland factors such as tsetse flies. <br> Parasitic diseases that affect livestock are widespread in [[Sub-Saharan Africa|sub-Saharan]] [[Africa]], particularly in arid and semi-arid areas. One of the most serious [[Parasite|parasitic]] diseases is [[trypanosomosis]]. This disease, which affects both human beings and livestock is transmitted by tsetse flies and covers approximately 10 million square kilometres in 38 African countries. This brief focuses on the control of the trypanosomosis in livestock. <br> With fewer resources to support livestock production, cost effective and sustainable methods of disease control must actively involve local communities. One of the methods of tsetse fly control is use of trapping technology. Although the trapping technology is the one described in this brief, other technology options of trypanosomosis and tsetse fly control are available.
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