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==Literature Review== | ==Literature Review== | ||
===Energy:Its Use and the Environment=== | |||
This is a college level textbook that breaks down the physics of energy and heat transformation. It breaks down all of the necessary mathematical procedures on finding heating loads, specific heat, amount of solar insolation, ect.<ref> | This is a college level textbook that breaks down the physics of energy and heat transformation. It breaks down all of the necessary mathematical procedures on finding heating loads, specific heat, amount of solar insolation, ect.<ref> | ||
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| 8 | | 8 | ||
| System must be Closed at night/materials in room can increase heat storage | | System must be Closed at night/materials in room can increase heat storage | ||
|- | |||
| Size | |||
| 9 | |||
| Must be no bigger than 4X6 ft. | |||
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| 45 | | 45 | ||
| 25 | | 25 | ||
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| Size | |||
| 9 | |||
| 45 | |||
| 45 | |||
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*Alt solution#2 is a energy star floor heater | *Alt solution#2 is a energy star floor heater | ||
==Design== | |||
The Basic Design Consists of a simple frame with a heat collector centered in the box. A tempered glass cover encloses the box and creates a "dead air space" between the collector and the glass. Beneath the collector are two ducts. The cold air inlet is at the bottom of the box and the hot air vent is at the top. | |||
==How It Works== | |||
As sunlight hits the collector, it absorbs heat, heating the inside of the box. As the air in the collector is heated up, it becomes less dense and is released out the hot air duct into the room while convection draws cold air from into the box. That air is heated up and rises through the air flow passage to the hot air outlet. This is known as a thermosyphon. | |||
The box will continue to transfer heat to the room until the temperature of the air in the box drops below the temperature of the room. As the box cools, it can create a reverse thermosyphon effect and start drawing warm air out of the room. Therefore it is necessary to close this system off at night. | |||
==Passive Solar In Arcata== | |||
Although the sunny days are quite inconsistent in Arcata, a passive solar design like this is never a bad idea. It may take up space, but it requires no energy. Sunny days usually lead to cloudless and very cold nights because all of the heat of the day gets released into the atmosphere. Therefore, sunny days are the most vital to absorb as much heat as possible. | |||
==Sizing the Heater== | |||
To size my heater I had to calculate the my total heat loss from the room and determine how big my collector would have to be to get the desired temperature. Calculating heat loss takes into account the size and building materials of the room. I needed to measure the total conductive heat loss add that to your infiltrating heat loss. It's a pretty lengthy equation. | |||
The more insulation your room has, the less heat will be lost. | |||
==Insulation and Thermal Mass== | |||
One of the biggest components to a passive solar heating system is the insulation of the room as well as the thermal mass. Insulation keeps the heat from infiltrating out of the room. Thermal mass absorbs heat during the day, then re-radiates it at night. Night is the most important time to keep warm, so incorporating thermal mass in a passive solar design is very important. | |||
==Construction== | |||
===Box=== | |||
I started by building a 4ft by 6ft wood frame out of 2'x6's. Similar professional designs use aluminum enclosed frames, but wood works just fine. | |||
===Vents and Air Passage=== | |||
I screwed a piece of plywood cur to fit on the frame. I Placed my wood baffles, leaving about a foot gap as shown in the picture. I then cut two four inch holes for my vents. Then I lined the walls of my frame with insulating foam. | |||
===Heat Collector=== | |||
For my heat collector, I used corrugated sheet metal that I found at a local scrap metal yard. I cut and connected the pieces of sheet metal to fit perfectly inside the box. Using a pop rivet gun, I it the panel three inches deep in the box with metal brackets. I then painted the collector black to increase its heat absorption. I used BBQ black paint because it can with stand very high temperatures. | |||
==Budget== | ==Budget== | ||
Revision as of 06:58, 5 May 2010
SYNRGY Hot Box
Project Participants
Spring 2010:
Opportunity Definition
My project is to design and test a passive solar heating box. The objective of the design is to collect heat and transfer it into a house via convection.
Solar heating boxes are appropriate technology because it utilizes the resource available in an effective manner. This type of design is appropriate in almost any location, being that it's means of energy are solar and natural convection. Passive solar designs can provide a comfortable environment anywhere from garages and workshops to third world villages. It has a smaller carbon footprint than conventional heating systems.
It was to originally be installed in the garage/jam space of Synrgy, reggae massive from Humboldt County. However, due to lack of solar exposure, the decision was made to test the design at another garage right down the road that serves as the jam space for local bands Acufunkture and Blue Street Junction.
Literature Review
Energy:Its Use and the Environment
This is a college level textbook that breaks down the physics of energy and heat transformation. It breaks down all of the necessary mathematical procedures on finding heating loads, specific heat, amount of solar insolation, ect.[1]
===The Passive Solar Construction Handbook===
This Book breaks down the necessary components of a passive solar house or heating system.[2]
===Solar Energy for Heating and Cooling===
This book lists the amount of solar insolation of virtually every city in America, breaking it down by the time of year, time of day and latitude. [3]
===Peer reviewed Journal=== A journal discussing the heating storage capacity of various building materials.[4]
Criteria
| Criteria | Weight | Constraints/considerations |
|---|---|---|
| Generates Heat | 10 | Collects heat and transfers it into the room. |
| Passive | 10 | The future addition of a fan may slightly alter this criteria. |
| Aesthetics | 5 | Interior of box must be black |
| Cost | 8 | Less than ~$200 material |
| Heat Storage | 8 | System must be Closed at night/materials in room can increase heat storage |
| Size | 9 | Must be no bigger than 4X6 ft. |
| Criteria | Weight | Alt Solution 1 | Alt Solution 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Generate Heat | 10 | 50 | 50 |
| Passive | 10 | 50 | 20 |
| Aesthetics | 5 | 25 | 40 |
| Cost | 8 | 40 | 30 |
| Heat Storage | 8 | 45 | 25 |
| Size | 9 | 45 | 45 |
- Alt solution#2 is a energy star floor heater
Design
The Basic Design Consists of a simple frame with a heat collector centered in the box. A tempered glass cover encloses the box and creates a "dead air space" between the collector and the glass. Beneath the collector are two ducts. The cold air inlet is at the bottom of the box and the hot air vent is at the top.
How It Works
As sunlight hits the collector, it absorbs heat, heating the inside of the box. As the air in the collector is heated up, it becomes less dense and is released out the hot air duct into the room while convection draws cold air from into the box. That air is heated up and rises through the air flow passage to the hot air outlet. This is known as a thermosyphon.
The box will continue to transfer heat to the room until the temperature of the air in the box drops below the temperature of the room. As the box cools, it can create a reverse thermosyphon effect and start drawing warm air out of the room. Therefore it is necessary to close this system off at night.
Passive Solar In Arcata
Although the sunny days are quite inconsistent in Arcata, a passive solar design like this is never a bad idea. It may take up space, but it requires no energy. Sunny days usually lead to cloudless and very cold nights because all of the heat of the day gets released into the atmosphere. Therefore, sunny days are the most vital to absorb as much heat as possible.
Sizing the Heater
To size my heater I had to calculate the my total heat loss from the room and determine how big my collector would have to be to get the desired temperature. Calculating heat loss takes into account the size and building materials of the room. I needed to measure the total conductive heat loss add that to your infiltrating heat loss. It's a pretty lengthy equation.
The more insulation your room has, the less heat will be lost.
Insulation and Thermal Mass
One of the biggest components to a passive solar heating system is the insulation of the room as well as the thermal mass. Insulation keeps the heat from infiltrating out of the room. Thermal mass absorbs heat during the day, then re-radiates it at night. Night is the most important time to keep warm, so incorporating thermal mass in a passive solar design is very important.
Construction
===Box===
I started by building a 4ft by 6ft wood frame out of 2'x6's. Similar professional designs use aluminum enclosed frames, but wood works just fine.
===Vents and Air Passage===
I screwed a piece of plywood cur to fit on the frame. I Placed my wood baffles, leaving about a foot gap as shown in the picture. I then cut two four inch holes for my vents. Then I lined the walls of my frame with insulating foam.
===Heat Collector===
For my heat collector, I used corrugated sheet metal that I found at a local scrap metal yard. I cut and connected the pieces of sheet metal to fit perfectly inside the box. Using a pop rivet gun, I it the panel three inches deep in the box with metal brackets. I then painted the collector black to increase its heat absorption. I used BBQ black paint because it can with stand very high temperatures.
Budget
| Quantity | Material | Source | Cost ($) | Total ($) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Plexiglass 36"x48" acrylic sheet | Professionalplastic.com | $35.80 | $35.80 |
| 2 | Pasco Dryer vent kit | nextag.com | $8.10 | $16.20 |
| 1 | OSB Sheetwood 3/4" | Arcata Lumber | $16.00 | $16.00 |
| 1 | 2x6x20 dougfir | Arcata Lumber | $9.08 | $9.08 |
| 1 | Can black bbq paint | azpartsmaster.com | $5.39 | $5.39 |
| A lot | R-12 insulation | Donated | $0 | $0 |
| 1 | Corrugated sheet metal | Recycled scrap | $0 | $0 |
| TOTAL PRICE | $82.47 |
ED: CHECK OUT THE EXAMPLE AT Help:Table_examples#Cost_Table
Tenative Timeline
March 15th-Collect Materials from Hardware store
March 20th-Collect Plexiglass and donated materials. Start taking measuring and taking temperature of the room. Start Calculations
April 1st-Have all calculations finished
April 2nd-Size the heat box
April 10th-Build box, Attach vents to house
April 11-15th-Test the box. Take Temperature of room. ED: USE A SIMPLE TABLE FOR THIS TIMELINE. ED: THIS IS NOT ENOUGH TIME FOR TESTING AND TWEAKING.
References
- ↑ Hinrichs,R.A. Kleinbach,M.H.(2005). "Energy:It's Use and The Environment." 4th Edition. Brooks Cole. New York.
- ↑ Levy, Emanuel(1983). "The Passive Solar Construction Handbook." Steven Winter Associates,Inc. Rodale Press.
- ↑ Jordan, Richard (1977). "Applications of Solar Energy For Heating and Cooling of Buildings." American Society of Heating, Refigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, inc. New York.
- ↑ Kedl, R.J.(2001). "Thermodynamics of Wallboard with Latent Heat Storage for Passive Solar Applications." U.S. Department of Energy. Sante Fe, New Mexico.