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[[Image:Living_green_roof_final_product.jpg|thumb|right|440px|The model green roof, located along the Living Green Interpretive Trail at Friends of the Dunes.]]
 
{{Tocright}}
== Abstract ==
The purpose of the project was to educate Nature Center visitors on the benefits of living green roofs, to enhance the aesthetics of the Nature Center, and to inspire others to build their own green roofs. The Dune-Gineers Green Roof was built at the Friends of the Dunes Nature Center by students at Humboldt State University Engineering 215 class.
 
== Background ==
== Background ==
The Friends of the Dunes is a non-profit organization, and their Coastal Nature Center is a place where they promote green solutions by educating visitors. They work to protect and preserve the natural habitats of the dunes.
[[Friends of the Dunes]] is a non-profit organization, and works to protect and preserve the natural habitats of the dunes. Their [http://www.friendsofthedunes.org/HCNC/ Coastal Nature Center] is a place where they promote green solutions by educating visitors.  
The Friends of the Dunes originally planned to have a living green roof put on their back terrace, so the terrace was built to be able to hold a heavy garden. They tried to get a living green roof built, but the quote given to them by the hired company was too expensive. When they were later presented with the opportunity for student engineers to build a green roof for much cheaper, they decided to give us the job.  
Construction started on the nature center in 2007, and there are still a few outstanding projects that need to be completed. One of the projects is a green roof on the west awning. As part of the [[Engr215 Introduction to Design]] course, we were given the opportunity to design the [[green roof]], and build an educational model of it.


== Problem statement ==
== Problem statement ==
The purpose of this project is to build a 500 square foot roof on the back awning of the Nature Center.
The objective of the project is to design  a green roof for the western awning at the Humboldt Coastal Nature Center, and to build a model of the green roof that educates visitors and enhances the aesthetics of the Center.


== Problem Analysis and Criteria ==
== Problem Analysis and Criteria ==
Line 22: Line 19:
| The roof must look as professional as the rest of the Nature Center.
| The roof must look as professional as the rest of the Nature Center.
|-
|-
| Local Materials
| Local Suppliers
| 9
| 9
| As many local materials as possible.
| As many local businesses as possible.  
|-
|-
| Cost  
| Cost  
| 3
| 3
| Entire design must cost less than $400.
| The design is limited to $400 in material costs.  Higher costs must be approved by Carol Vander Meer.
|-
|-
| Weight
| Weight
| 5
| 5
| The roof must weigh less than the roof can handle. The lighter the final design, the better.  
| The roof must weigh must not exceed its maximum weight capacity. The lighter the final design, the better.  
|-
|-
| Safety
| Safety
| 5
| 5
| Must be designed to be accessible for maintainable and weeding.  
| The roof must be safe during an earthquake and be designed to be safely accessible for maintainable and weeding.  
|}
|}


==The Solution==
==The Solution==
The conservative design option is engineered with initial and maintenance costs in mind, as well as, building restraints and criteria. Concrete blocks are used for the retaining wall, with the components of the green roof layered behind. The base layer will be an inch of gravel, followed by a filter sheet used as the separation layer. Four inches of sand are used as the growing medium and are placed on top of the filter sheet. An erosion control mat will be used on the top to hold down the sand in stormy conditions.  
There were two parts to our project: the design of the green roof for the western awning and the model of a green roof.
 
===Western Awning Green Roof===
 
Using the criteria and their respective weights we picked a design that looks professional and allows plants to survive in the summer. Once built, it will have a low weight, and can be built without threatening the structural integrity of the building. Plastic Bend-A-Board is used for the retaining wall, with the components of the green roof layered behind. Hydrostop waterproofing paint is applied once more to roof to ensure the roof will not leak. The base layer of the roof is a protection fabric to stop roots from growing into the roof, and is followed by a synthetic drainage layer. The synthetic layer is a light material, and with its many pockets to hold water, will assist in keeping the roof green during the dry months, while removing excess water during the rainy months. On top of the drainage layer will be a separation filter fabric. Four inches of native soil will be placed on top of the filter sheet to be used as the growing medium. An erosion control blanket placed on top of the planting medium will stop the soil from getting blown off or washed away during winter storms. It is made of a biodegradable material, and is only expected to last until the plants are big enough to hold onto the soil themselves. A micro sprinkler system will be installed on top, to provide water during the summer. These layers of the roof will create a habitat on top in which native plants can thrive, and an effective drainage system on the bottom.
 
===Model of the Green Roof===
The scale model of the green roof consists of a half-circle table that is six feet in diameter, four feet in radius, and supported by three wooden posts that are secured to concrete blocks buried in the ground. It is installed on the Living Green Interpretive Trail in front of the nature center. Beside the model is an informational sign that explains what green roofs are and the benefits they have.
 
 


===How to Build===
{{#widget:YouTube|id=dFS6h8rH2u4}}
An additional layer of waterproofing paint is added to make sure no leaks occur. Concrete blocks are carried up on a twelve-foot or higher ladder, and stacked two high around the edge of the roof, four inches from the gutter. Gravel is then brought up in buckets and spread to a height of one inch. The separation fabric is placed on top, leaving 4 inches of extra cloth along the edges. The cloth is not wide enough to completely cover the bottom of the roof, and needs to overlap by one inch at any seams. Four inches of sand is then added on top of the separation fabric, excluding the sides.  Along the insides of the blocks and against the wall, extra gravel is added to a thickness of one inch and a height of four inches. The extra four inches of separation fabric is then used to separate this column of gravel from the four inches of sand. Extra sand is added to the roof to fill in any low points on the roof.  Once the layers are in place, a micro sprinkler system is installed.  The erosion control blanket is then placed on top of the sand. On the edges of the roof it is pushed down into the sand to hold it in. Stakes are taken from the surrounding green roof where the erosion control blanket has decomposed and are used to hold down the new blanket.
{{#widget:YouTube|id=YDsKwvVmZ1I}}


== Costs ==
== Costs ==


Only an estimate
===Western Awning Green Roof===
Here are the estimated costs for the Western Awning green roof design implemented:
 
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Material !! Qty !! Source !! Extended Amount($)
|-
| Hydrostop ||  1 bucket|| On site
|align="right"| Free
|-
| Protection Fabric || 500 ft sq|| Conservation Technology
|align="right"| $357
|-
| Drainage Plates || 500 ft sq|| Conservation Technology
|align="right"| $905
|-
| Separation Fabric || 500 ft sq|| Conservation Technology
|align="right"| $267
|-
| Plastic Edge || 100 ft|| Ace Hardware
|align="right"| $70
|-
| Erosion Control Blanket (CS3) || 500 ft sq|| Western Excelsior
|align="right"| $180
|-
| Sprinkler System || 500 ft sq|| Home Depot
|align="right"| $113
|-class="sortbottom"
!colspan="3" align="right" | '''TOTAL'''
|align="right"| '''$1700'''
|}
 
===Model of the Green Roof===
 
The costs of the materials used for building the model green roof:


{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Size !! Material !! Source !! Cost ($)
! Material !! Qty !! Amount ($)!! Extended Amount($)
|-
| Plywood Board ||  24 sq ft
|align="right"| $26.88
|align="right"| $26.88
|-
| Pine Pole ||  2
|align="right"| $9.99
|align="right"| $19.98
|-
| Concrete Anchor ||  4
|align="right"| $2.99
|align="right"| $11.96
|-
| Post Anchor ||  4
|align="right"| $4.89
|align="right"| $19.56
|-
| Framing Anchor ||  2
|align="right"| $0.39
|align="right"| $0.78
|-
| Waterproofing Paint ||  1
|align="right"| $11.59
|align="right"| $11.59
|-
| Paint Brush ||  1
|align="right"| $3.49
|align="right"| $3.49
|-
|-
| 1 || Hydrostop Protection Layer || On site
| Bend-A-Board || 1 roll
|align="right"| 0.00
|align="right"| $19.99
|align="right"| $19.99
|-
| Drainage Rocks ||  1.5 cb ft
|align="right"| $19.99
|align="right"| $19.99
|-
| Soil Mix ||  1 cb ft
|align="right"| $7.99
|align="right"| $7.99
|-
| Rubber Mat ||  24 sq ft
|align="right"| $35.94
|align="right"| $35.94
|-
| Filter Fabric || 24 sq ft
|align="right"| $6.00
|align="right"| $6.00
|-
| L Brackets ||  32
|align="right"| $0.49
|align="right"| $15.68
|-
| Bolts ||  4
|align="right"| $1.49
|align="right"| $5.96
|-  
|-  
| 500 sq feet || Protection Fabric || Miller Farms
| Washers || 8
|align="right"| 60.00
|align="right"| $0.23
|align="right"| $1.84
|-  
|-  
| 1.4 cb yards || Gravel || Miller Farms
| Nuts || 4
|align="right"| 70.00
|align="right"| $0.23
|align="right"| $0.92
|-  
|-  
| 500 sq feet || Separation Fabric|| Miller Farms
| Screws || 1 box
|align="right"| 60.00
|align="right"| $3.69
|align="right"| $3.69
|-  
|-  
| 42 || Edge Concrete Blocks|| On site
| MGV PHL Deck || 1
|align="right"| 0.00  
|align="right"| $6.00
|align="right"| $6.00
|-  
|-  
| 500 sq feet || Erosion Control Blanket CS3 || Western Excelsior
| Rubber Adhesive || 1
|align="right"| 180.00
|align="right"| $10.99
|align="right"| $10.99
|-  
|-  
| 1 || Sprinkler System || Home Depot
| Strap hanger || 1
|align="right"| 113.00
|align="right"| $2.59
|align="right"| $2.59
|-  
|-  
| Plexiglass ||  4 by 8 in
|align="right"| $1.20
|align="right"| $1.20
|-class="sortbottom"
|-class="sortbottom"
|colspan="3" align="right" | '''Total Cost'''
 
|align="right"| '''$483'''  
| colspan="3" align="center" |Tax 7.25%
| align="right"| $16.17
|-
 
! colspan="3" align="right"|Total  
|align="right"| '''$239.19'''
|}
|}
===Labor Hours===
Labor Hours include the total amount of hours spent by the team in the design, research, and construction steps.
[[Image:Living_green_roof_TimeHours.png|440px|The hours spent by the team on different sections of the project. ]]


== Discussion ==
== Discussion ==
'''Instructions for Implementation and Use'''
After installation, more plants will need to be added to the roof. These can be added by carefully planting on the roof, or by spreading seeds under the erosion control blanket. Extra heavy watering will be needed initially to get the plants established.
'''Periodic Watering'''
When the plants on the roof look wilted or there has not been any substantial rainfall, the roof will need to be watered. This can be done by turning on the spigot on the north side of the building, two feet of the ground. Water should occur no more than twice a week, and for only twenty minutes.


'''Yearly Cleaning'''
The model of the green roof is installed on the side of the Living Green Interpretive Trail, and the following steps were done to construct the model:
The maintenance of the green roof will require occasional pulling of weeds, cleaning of drain gutter, and inspecting of the sprinkler heads. Quarterly flushing will require approximately one to two hours.  
 
{{How to
|title=Building the Model Green Roof
|File:Framing.png |Step 1 |1 |Construct the representation of the roof using plywood and attach L brackets to Bend-A-Board.
|File:Living_green_roof_Waterproofing.jpg |Step 2|2 |Install waterproofing material, Bend-A-Board edge and the truth window into the roof model.
|File:Living_green_roof_drainage.jpg |Step 3 |3 |Secure the model in place using three waterproofed poles and apply one inch of drainage material on top of the waterproofing layer.
|File:Living_green_roof_separation_sheet.jpg |Step 4 |4 |Cut and apply separation filter fabric.
|File:Living_green_roof_Final.jpg | Step 5 |5 |Apply soil medium, pack it down, and plant.
}}


'''Safety Precautions'''
==Maintenance==
As the blocks on the side of the roof are not attached to anything, great care should be taken when accessing the roof. A 12 foot or higher ladder is recommended.  
 
*During drier seasons, the roof will need to be watered. This can be done either by using a hose or by using a watering can.
 
*The maintenance of the green roof will require occasional pulling of weeds, cleaning of the truth window, and inspecting of the waterproofing on the posts.
 
*If one type of plant takes over the roof, carefully remove the unwanted plants and replace with other dune natives.


== next steps ==
== next steps ==
We are looking forward to building the roof!
The design of the green roof can be used to build the green roof on the western awning.


== Update October 2016 ==
[[File:Green Roof October 2016.jpg|thumb|right|The Real Living Green Roof of Humboldt Coastal Nature Center.]]
The living roof display is no longer standing. It dried out very quickly and was a maintenance issue to keep watered.  Since the model was so small it did not retain much water and dried out quickly. The maintenance of the model required frequent watering. During the increasingly hot summer months, the heat could dry it out in a day and the plants suffered.<ref>Carol Vander Meer, Executive Director</ref>


The living roof on the FOD however, remains as a great example of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Certification. The roof was fixed and includes layers of waterproofing material, insulation, and drain mat and roof barrier. The sand was formed over the roof to match the contours of the dunes to provide a more natural medium for native dune plant species. It is filled with native plants excluding a few invasive grasses however, it is weeded and maintains moisture due to its contoured design. Roof planting began January 2011 and a biodegradable erosion control fabric kept the sand in place to help native plants establish. <ref>Humboldt Coastal Nature Center</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}


[[Category:Engr215 Introduction to Design]]
[[Category:Engr215 Introduction to Design]]
[[Category:Friends of the Dunes]]
[[Category:Friends of the Dunes]]
[[Category:Videos]]
[[Category:Construction and materials videos]]
[[Category:Engineering videos]]
[[Category:Food and agriculture videos]]
[[Category:Living roofs]]
==Update October 2017==
Living green roof
Green roofs or living roof is a roof designed to be partially covered or fully covered by vegetation and a growing membrane. This is all built over a drainage layer to prevent water build up. Under the drainage layer there is a waterproof layer that allows the water to run off. Under that there is an isolation layer to keep the inhabitants comfortable. And lastly, there is the concrete that holds up the entire living structure. Currently the living roof is still in use and has a bit of a rattlesnake grass problem. Furthermore, they have an intern who comes in once a week to water the small trees surrounding the structure. The trees were planted around two years ago, and have only grown a couple of feet in the two years.

Revision as of 00:05, 21 October 2017

The model green roof, located along the Living Green Interpretive Trail at Friends of the Dunes.

Background

Friends of the Dunes is a non-profit organization, and works to protect and preserve the natural habitats of the dunes. Their Coastal Nature Center is a place where they promote green solutions by educating visitors. Construction started on the nature center in 2007, and there are still a few outstanding projects that need to be completed. One of the projects is a green roof on the west awning. As part of the Engr215 Introduction to Design course, we were given the opportunity to design the green roof, and build an educational model of it.

Problem statement

The objective of the project is to design a green roof for the western awning at the Humboldt Coastal Nature Center, and to build a model of the green roof that educates visitors and enhances the aesthetics of the Center.

Problem Analysis and Criteria

Criteria Weight Description
Aesthetics 10 The roof must look as professional as the rest of the Nature Center.
Local Suppliers 9 As many local businesses as possible.
Cost 3 The design is limited to $400 in material costs. Higher costs must be approved by Carol Vander Meer.
Weight 5 The roof must weigh must not exceed its maximum weight capacity. The lighter the final design, the better.
Safety 5 The roof must be safe during an earthquake and be designed to be safely accessible for maintainable and weeding.

The Solution

There were two parts to our project: the design of the green roof for the western awning and the model of a green roof.

Western Awning Green Roof

Using the criteria and their respective weights we picked a design that looks professional and allows plants to survive in the summer. Once built, it will have a low weight, and can be built without threatening the structural integrity of the building. Plastic Bend-A-Board is used for the retaining wall, with the components of the green roof layered behind. Hydrostop waterproofing paint is applied once more to roof to ensure the roof will not leak. The base layer of the roof is a protection fabric to stop roots from growing into the roof, and is followed by a synthetic drainage layer. The synthetic layer is a light material, and with its many pockets to hold water, will assist in keeping the roof green during the dry months, while removing excess water during the rainy months. On top of the drainage layer will be a separation filter fabric. Four inches of native soil will be placed on top of the filter sheet to be used as the growing medium. An erosion control blanket placed on top of the planting medium will stop the soil from getting blown off or washed away during winter storms. It is made of a biodegradable material, and is only expected to last until the plants are big enough to hold onto the soil themselves. A micro sprinkler system will be installed on top, to provide water during the summer. These layers of the roof will create a habitat on top in which native plants can thrive, and an effective drainage system on the bottom.

Model of the Green Roof

The scale model of the green roof consists of a half-circle table that is six feet in diameter, four feet in radius, and supported by three wooden posts that are secured to concrete blocks buried in the ground. It is installed on the Living Green Interpretive Trail in front of the nature center. Beside the model is an informational sign that explains what green roofs are and the benefits they have.


Error in widget YouTube: Unable to load template 'wiki:YouTube'
Error in widget YouTube: Unable to load template 'wiki:YouTube'

Costs

Western Awning Green Roof

Here are the estimated costs for the Western Awning green roof design implemented:

Material Qty Source Extended Amount($)
Hydrostop 1 bucket On site Free
Protection Fabric 500 ft sq Conservation Technology $357
Drainage Plates 500 ft sq Conservation Technology $905
Separation Fabric 500 ft sq Conservation Technology $267
Plastic Edge 100 ft Ace Hardware $70
Erosion Control Blanket (CS3) 500 ft sq Western Excelsior $180
Sprinkler System 500 ft sq Home Depot $113
TOTAL $1700

Model of the Green Roof

The costs of the materials used for building the model green roof:

Material Qty Amount ($) Extended Amount($)
Plywood Board 24 sq ft $26.88 $26.88
Pine Pole 2 $9.99 $19.98
Concrete Anchor 4 $2.99 $11.96
Post Anchor 4 $4.89 $19.56
Framing Anchor 2 $0.39 $0.78
Waterproofing Paint 1 $11.59 $11.59
Paint Brush 1 $3.49 $3.49
Bend-A-Board 1 roll $19.99 $19.99
Drainage Rocks 1.5 cb ft $19.99 $19.99
Soil Mix 1 cb ft $7.99 $7.99
Rubber Mat 24 sq ft $35.94 $35.94
Filter Fabric 24 sq ft $6.00 $6.00
L Brackets 32 $0.49 $15.68
Bolts 4 $1.49 $5.96
Washers 8 $0.23 $1.84
Nuts 4 $0.23 $0.92
Screws 1 box $3.69 $3.69
MGV PHL Deck 1 $6.00 $6.00
Rubber Adhesive 1 $10.99 $10.99
Strap hanger 1 $2.59 $2.59
Plexiglass 4 by 8 in $1.20 $1.20
Tax 7.25% $16.17
Total $239.19

Labor Hours

Labor Hours include the total amount of hours spent by the team in the design, research, and construction steps.

The hours spent by the team on different sections of the project.

Discussion

The model of the green roof is installed on the side of the Living Green Interpretive Trail, and the following steps were done to construct the model:

File:Framing.png
Building the Model Green Roof

Maintenance

  • During drier seasons, the roof will need to be watered. This can be done either by using a hose or by using a watering can.
  • The maintenance of the green roof will require occasional pulling of weeds, cleaning of the truth window, and inspecting of the waterproofing on the posts.
  • If one type of plant takes over the roof, carefully remove the unwanted plants and replace with other dune natives.

next steps

The design of the green roof can be used to build the green roof on the western awning.

Update October 2016

The Real Living Green Roof of Humboldt Coastal Nature Center.

The living roof display is no longer standing. It dried out very quickly and was a maintenance issue to keep watered. Since the model was so small it did not retain much water and dried out quickly. The maintenance of the model required frequent watering. During the increasingly hot summer months, the heat could dry it out in a day and the plants suffered.[1]

The living roof on the FOD however, remains as a great example of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Certification. The roof was fixed and includes layers of waterproofing material, insulation, and drain mat and roof barrier. The sand was formed over the roof to match the contours of the dunes to provide a more natural medium for native dune plant species. It is filled with native plants excluding a few invasive grasses however, it is weeded and maintains moisture due to its contoured design. Roof planting began January 2011 and a biodegradable erosion control fabric kept the sand in place to help native plants establish. [2]

References

Template:Reflist


Update October 2017

Living green roof Green roofs or living roof is a roof designed to be partially covered or fully covered by vegetation and a growing membrane. This is all built over a drainage layer to prevent water build up. Under the drainage layer there is a waterproof layer that allows the water to run off. Under that there is an isolation layer to keep the inhabitants comfortable. And lastly, there is the concrete that holds up the entire living structure. Currently the living roof is still in use and has a bit of a rattlesnake grass problem. Furthermore, they have an intern who comes in once a week to water the small trees surrounding the structure. The trees were planted around two years ago, and have only grown a couple of feet in the two years.

  1. Carol Vander Meer, Executive Director
  2. Humboldt Coastal Nature Center
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