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{{copyvio|from http://www.meribah-ram-pump.com/downloads/Flyer-Waterfilter.pdf - have the copyright holders explicitly allowed its use under CC-BY-SA?}}  


==The Bio Sand Waterfilter==
The bio sand filter has six different distinct zones:
===Meribah Bio Sand Waterfilter===
# Inlet Reservoir: Space above the sand and gravel media which allows for a full pail of water.
# Standing Water: Oxygen diffuses through the standing water to the bio layer.
# Bio layer: Layer of slime, sediment, and microorganisms which develops at the top 1-2 cm (0.4-0.8”) of the sand surface.
# Biological Zone: Develops at the top 5-10 cm (2-4”) of the sand surface. The sand absorbs pathogens, iron, and other small particles.
# Sand Zone: Contains virtually no living microorganisms due to lack of nutrients and oxygen.
# Gravel Zone: Holds the sand in place which protects the outlet pipe from clogging and allows for the smooth flow of water.


==The Results==
==The Results==

Revision as of 03:37, 9 September 2009


The Results

Overall, studies have shown that the Bio Sand Filter removes:

  • > 97% of E. coli - an indicator of fecal contamination (Duke, 2006; Stauber, 2006)
  • > 99% of protozoa and helminths (Palmateer, 1999)
  • 80-90% of viruses (Stauber, 2005)
  • 50-90% of organic and inorganic toxicants (Palmateer, 1999)
  • 90-95% of iron (Ngai, 2007)
  • Most suspended sediments

Based on slow sand filter research, the bio sand filter may also remove some heavy metals (Muhammad, 1997; Collins, 1998).

There is also a design modification known as the KanchanTM Arsenic Filter that is effective in removing both pathogens and 85-90% of arsenic from source water (Ngai, 2007).

Links

  • Biosand Filter
    • Clean Drinking Water
    • Easy to Use
    • Self contained Maintenance
    • For Everybody
    • No Following Costs
    • Reliable
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