"3d Welding and Milling: Part I–a Direct Approach for Freeform Fabrication of Metallic Prototypes"

  • Steel
  • Heated Bed *possible Cooled bed..Al*
  • Conducted Face Milling at end of each layer
  • Microstructures change depending upon vertical displacement due to heat accumulation
  • Heat accumulation affects layer thickness

"3d Welding and Milling: Part II—Optimization of the 3d Welding Process Using an Experimental Design Approach"

  • Mild Steel
  • Found that the wire feed rate and voltage are more important than the distance from tip and gas concentration
  • Methods to follow: Unidirectional and "Zig Zag"
  • 0.9 mm diameter bead "0.035 inch"
  • Single Bead experiments. Studied parameters

"Rapid Prototyping of 4043 Al-Alloy Parts by VP-GTAW"

  • Height of bead decreased with an increase of current.
  • Bead width increases with increasing current
  • Height and width of bead decrease with increase of welding speed.

"A Novel Control Approach for the Droplet Detachment in Rapid Prototyping by 3D Welding"=

  • Arc welding
  • Oscilate frequency to release the ball of molten material to the substrate

References

  1. Y.-A. Song, S. Park, D. Choi, and H. Jee, “3d Welding and Milling: Part I–a Direct Approach for Freeform Fabrication of Metallic Prototypes,” International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol. 45, no. 9, pp. 1057–1062, Jul. 2005.
  2. Y.-A. Song, S. Park, and S.-W. Chae, “3d Welding and Milling: Part Ii—Optimization of the 3d Welding Process Using an Experimental Design Approach,” International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, vol. 45, no. 9, pp. 1063–1069, Jul. 2005.
  3. H. Wang, W. Jiang, J. Ouyang, and R. Kovacevic, “Rapid prototyping of 4043 Al-alloy parts by VP-GTAW,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 148, no. 1, pp. 93–102, May 2004.
  4. B. Zheng and R. Kovacevic, “A Novel Control Approach for the Droplet Detachment in Rapid Prototyping by 3D Welding,” J. Manuf. Sci. Eng., vol. 123, no. 2, pp. 348–355, Mar. 2000.
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