20,348
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 1:
Line 1: + − This article details the installation of panniers and luggage carriers unto regular [[bicycle]]s, ie to allow use of the bicycle as a '''freight bicycle'''.+ + + + + − == Pannier installation ==+ − + − [[Image:bicycles_extentions.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Figure 2: Construction of luggage carrier for a standard bicycle]]+ − [[Image:bicycles__panniers20in.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Figure 3: Construction of luggage carrier with small (20”) rear wheel]]+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Line 22:
Line 62: − + + + Line 28:
Line 70: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Line 33:
Line 100: − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − This document was produced by Neil Noble for Practical Action and last updated+ − in January 2007.+ − + − * Bicycle Trailers ([[Practical Action Technical Brief]])<br>+ − * Low-cost Load-carrying Devices: The Design & Manufacture of Some Basic Means of Transport Ron Dennis and Alan Smith ITDG Publishing 1995+ − * Puncture Prevention Techniques for Low Cost Vehicles Michael Ayre & Alan Smith+ − * The Impact of Road Condition on Operating Costs of Bicycles, IT Transport, 2004, DFID. http://www.ittransport.co.uk/index.php?page=publications+ − * Forum News, IFRTD+ − + + + Line 91:
Line 183: − + Line 153:
Line 245: − + + + + + + + Line 162:
Line 260: + + + − ==Gallery== − <gallery> − File:bicycle1.jpeg|Figure 1: Cyclist carrying mattresses, Puttalam District. An example of ordinary bicycle used to transport difficult loads. Photo: Practical Action. − File:bicycle_extended_bicycle.jpg|Figure 2: Extended bicycle Photo: Practical Action − </gallery> − − == External links == − HowtoPedia http://www.howtopedia.org/en/How_to_use_a_Bicycle_to_carry_things<br>
Reverting latest edits, to version at 3 March 2012. Do not remove valid content, especially without an edit summary.
{{Offline content bundle}}
{{Offline content bundle}}
{{TOCright}}
== Introduction ==
Isolation is one of the key elements of [[poverty]]; isolated communities have little or no access
to goods and services, and few opportunities to travel beyond their immediate surroundings.
This restricts agricultural productivity, reduces health and educational and limits
opportunities for employment and political opportunity.
[[Image:bicycle1.jpeg|thumb|250px|left|Figure 1: Cyclist carrying mattresses, Puttalam District. An example of ordinary bicycle used to transport difficult loads. Photo: Practical Action.]]
[[Image:bicycles_construction_panniers.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Figure 1: Construction of panniers]]
Limited financial resources prevents investment in transport maintaining the position of
poverty and isolation. Consequently,
there is a need to develop alternative,
more affordable means of transport
Developing such systems requires
consideration of four key elements:<br>
• the improvement of village level
infrastructure such as paths,
tracks, and footbridges<br>
• the provision of adequate and
affordable rural transport services<br>
• the siting of services closer to the
communities , thereby removing or
reducing the need for lengthy travel<br>
• the promotion and use of
intermediate means of transport
including; pack animals, sledges,
animal carts, cycle based transport
and some low cost motorised
devices. One of the more common
types of intermediate transport is
the bicycle.<br clear="all">
== Bicycles ==
Bicycles are a low cost means of transport that can improve access to water, health facilities
and, for example, address stove marketing problems faced by woman producer groups in
Kenya.
The bicycle is still expensive for poorer families in Africa and can cost between 20 to over
100 per cent of a rural household’s annual income. Therefore, transport needs to be
supported by an affordable system of manufacture, supply, and repair.
Affordability is related to the availability of spare parts and repair services, which are
sometime lacking in rural areas. Several projects have attempted to boost local economics
by encouraging artisanal production of suitable transport and improve the local capabilities of
metal workers to maintain and repair bicycles and other types of transport.
== Panniers ==
The carrying capacity of the bicycle can be greatly increased by attaching panniers either
The carrying capacity of the bicycle can be greatly increased by attaching panniers either
side of the wheel. However, the loads in the panniers must be reasonably well balanced.
side of the wheel. However, the loads in the panniers must be reasonably well balanced.
type material. The ends can be filled in on fixed panniers but not on fold-up designs.
type material. The ends can be filled in on fixed panniers but not on fold-up designs.
===Luggage carrier installation===
[[Image:bicycles_construction_panniers.jpg|thumb|900px|center|Figure 2: Construction of panniers]]
===Bicycle extensions===
These low cost adaptations of standard bicycles enable larger and more bulky loads to be
These low cost adaptations of standard bicycles enable larger and more bulky loads to be
carried on an extended rear carrier.
carried on an extended rear carrier.
The load that can be carried is limited by the strength of the rear wheel and tyre. A
The load that can be carried is limited by the strength of the rear wheel and tyre. A
strengthened wheel can be used so that the limiting factor is the load capacity of the tyre.
strengthened wheel can be used so that the limiting factor is the load capacity of the tyre.
[[Image:bicycle_extended_bicycle.jpg|thumb|250px|left|Figure 3: Extended bicycle Photo: Practical Action]]
{|border="1"
|-
|bgcolor="silver"|
Extended cycle user, W
Aloysius Fernando, cultivator of
mainly plantains & peanuts,
sells peanuts in nearby towns.
With the extended cycle, he can
now transport enough to meet
demand (1200 packets as
oppose to 400 packets on his
original bicycle). With increased
business earnings he began to
cultivate a larger area of land
and could hire a peanut shelling
machine.
|}
This particular bicycle adaptation requires; the chain to be lengthened, the brackets for the
This particular bicycle adaptation requires; the chain to be lengthened, the brackets for the
be cut or modified in any way.
be cut or modified in any way.
===Construction of a luggage carrier with small (20”) rear wheel===
[[Image:bicycles_extentions.jpg|thumb|900px|center|Figure 4: Construction of extension for a standard bicycle]]
===Construction of extension with small (20”) rear wheel===
The advantages of a small rear wheel are; there is more space for the load, the load is lower
The advantages of a small rear wheel are; there is more space for the load, the load is lower
and easier to balance, the wheel is stronger, and the bicycle is easier to pedal. The main
and easier to balance, the wheel is stronger, and the bicycle is easier to pedal. The main
disadvantage is that the smaller wheel does not ride as easily over pumps and potholes.
disadvantage is that the smaller wheel does not ride as easily over pumps and potholes.
[[Image:bicycles__panniers20in.jpg|thumb|900px|center|Figure 5: Construction of extension with small (20”) rear wheel]]
===Bicycle taxis===
The Bicycle taxi or boda boda has become popular in Uganda and Kenya, they operate for
hire from stands in towns, bus stops and market centres. The name boda boda is said to
come from the time when the East African Community existed and there was free movement
across the boarder between Uganda and Kenya. Travellers were offered transport to the
boarder by bicycle-riders shouting ‘Border Border’ to attract passengers.
Converting a bicycle to a taxi requires reinforced forks, stronger brakes, a passenger seat
and footrests, and cushions. New seat designs enable woman to ride side-addle should help
to improve access.
Although the work is hard, the operators can earn a living despite a lack of formal education.
The community transport organisation in Ndhiwa and The Kibos Cycle Taxi Association of
Kisumu, Western Kenya worked in conjunction with [[Practical Action East Africa]] to:<br>
• enhance the safety of bicycle taxis<br>
• provide a cycle lane along the Kibos road<br>
• set up a mini-medical insurance scheme for passengers and operators<br>
• provide a credit scheme and repair fund for the members
== References and further reading ==
== References and further reading ==
• Bicycle Trailers ([[Practical Action Technical Brief]])<br>
• Low-cost Load-carrying Devices: The Design & Manufacture of Some Basic Means
of Transport Ron Dennis and Alan Smith ITDG Publishing 1995<br>
• Puncture Prevention Techniques for Low Cost Vehicles Michael Ayre & Alan Smith<br>
• The Impact of Road Condition on Operating Costs of Bicycles, IT Transport, 2004,
DFID. http://www.ittransport.co.uk/index.php?page=publications<br>
• Forum News, IFRTD
A quarterly newsletter looking at the issues of transport with animal power, bridges,
A quarterly newsletter looking at the issues of transport with animal power, bridges, bicycles, gender and transport, financing, engineering, sustainable rural livelihoods, and community planning. Forum News is produced four times a year in English, French and Spanish.
bicycles, gender and transport, financing, engineering, sustainable rural livelihoods,
and community planning. Forum News is produced four times a year in English,
French and Spanish.
== Useful contacts and addresses ==
== Useful contacts and addresses ==
productivity, the quality of life and the environment in Africa.<br>
productivity, the quality of life and the environment in Africa.<br>
Re-Cycle<br>
Re~Cycle<br>
Unit A Global Park<br>
Unit A Global Park<br>
Moorside<br>
Moorside<br>
unwanted bicycles to send to reliable partners in developing countries.<br>
unwanted bicycles to send to reliable partners in developing countries.<br>
Practical Action
== Wikis ==
HowtoPedia http://www.howtopedia.org/en/How_to_use_a_Bicycle_to_carry_things<br>
Appropedia http://www.appropedia.org/BICYCLE
{|border="1"
|-
|bgcolor="silver"|'''Practical Action'''
The Schumacher Centre for Technology and Development<br>
The Schumacher Centre for Technology and Development<br>
Bourton-on-Dunsmore<br>
Bourton-on-Dunsmore<br>
E-mail: inforserv@practicalaction.org.uk<br>
E-mail: inforserv@practicalaction.org.uk<br>
Website: http://www.practicalaction.org/<br>
Website: http://www.practicalaction.org/<br>
This document was produced by Neil Noble for Practical Action and last updated
in January 2007.
|}
{{attrib PATB}}
{{attrib PATB}}