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Reduced concentration oral rehydration solution
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== Composition and usage == : ''See also [[Oral rehydration solution recipes]] for the conventional version.'' The 2004 [[WHO]] recipe for home-made Oral Rehydration Salts: Add to one litre of safe water: * Salt 1/2 small spoon (3.5 grams) * Sugar 4 big spoons (40 grams) The standard, manufactured [[WHO]]/[[UNICEF]] glucose-based ORS solution contains:{{Verification needed}} {| class="wikitable" ! Reduced osmolarity ORS ! grams/litre |- ! Sodium chloride | 2.6 |- ! Anhydrous Glucose | 13.5 |- ! Potassium chloride | 1.5 |- ! Trisodium citrate, dihydrate | 2.9 |} {| class="wikitable" ! Reduced osmolarity ORS ! mmol/litre |- ! Sodium | 75 |- ! Anhydrous Glucose | 75 |- ! Chloride | 65 |- ! Potassium | 20 |- ! Citrate | 10 |- ! Total Osmolarity | 245 |} In the human body, the [[plasma osmolarity]] is about 285 mOsm/l. The amount of rehydration that is needed depends on the size of the individual and the degree of dehydration. Rehydration is generally adequate when the person no longer feels thirsty and has a normal urine output. A rough guide to the amount of ORS solution needed in the first 4-6 hours of treatment for a mildly dehydrated person is: * Up to 5 kg (11 lb): 200 – 400 ml * 5-10 kg (11-22 lb): 400 – 600 ml * 10-15 kg (22-33 lb): 600 – 800 ml * 15-20 kg (33–44 lb): 800 – 1000 ml * 20-30 kg (44-66 lb: 1000 – 1500 ml * 30-40 kg (66-88 lb): 1500 – 2000 ml * 40 plus kg (88 lb): 2000-4000 ml
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