Open defecation is the practice of defecation without any kind of sanitation system and is generally accepted to lead to health problems such as cholera, dysentery, diarrhoea, jaundice, typhoid, polio and intestinal worms, either by contamination of clean water supplies or by direct handling of excrement.

Appropriate technology sanitation systems aim to improve health outcomes by providing interventions that move human excrement away from the household, out of reach of children and to treat it before release into the environment.

For more pages on appropriate technology sanitation systems, see Category:Sanitation

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