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Authors Eric Blazek
Status Designed
Instance of Water filters
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The purpose of this page is to provide a guide on how to make a simple water filter. Depending on your needs, you can choose between a 50 gallons filter or a 10,000 gallons filter.

Need to filter 50 gallons of water per day?[edit | edit source]

Use a 6 foot long section of 4" diameter Schedule 40 PVC (Rigid white plastic pipe) Cover the bottom with wire or something to hold the filter material in place. Fold a piece of fiberglass cloth two or three times and put into the bottom of the pipe. Follow that with a two-foot layer of activated charcoal (either home-made or from a fish aquarium supply store). On top of the charcoal is a two-foot layer of fine sand, then the top-most layer is two foot of pea gravel.

Need to filter 10,000 gallons per day?[edit | edit source]

The same method scales up nicely. Instead of a PVC pipe, use 55 gallon food grade plastic barrels of filter medium, where the inlet pipe opens at the bottom of the barrel, and the outlet pipe is near the top of the barrel. Use a separate barrel for pea gravel, sand, and fiberglass cloth.

Filtration (especially of pathogens such as bacteria and viruses) is improved be added with a sufficiently established culture (see Biofilter). Bacterial filtration will help remove some chemicals, like ammonia and phosphates, but will not be able to remove everything.

Note: This is mechanical filtration for removing dirt and particulate matter. It will remove some of the bacteria, minerals, and heavy metals, as all of these are almost entirely attached to particles. A disinfection step (e.g. chlorination or solar distillation) is highly recommended to complete, i.e. kill pathogens in the water.

More thorough filtration can be achieved with a slow sand filter or reverse osmosis

If there is arsenic in the water, this is a different matter, and does require a special filter design.

See also[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

FA info icon.svg Angle down icon.svg Page data
Keywords water filters, technology
Authors Eric Blazek, Chris Watkins
License CC-BY-SA-3.0
Language English (en)
Translations Russian, Chinese, German
Related 3 subpages, 5 pages link here
Aliases Water Filtration, A simple water filter design
Impact 1,353 page views
Created April 3, 2006 by Eric Blazek
Modified February 29, 2024 by Kathy Nativi
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